摘要
背景2015年我国失能老年人口达4 000多万,失能老年人的规模之大,给医疗保健和长期照护带来了巨大挑战,但目前我国关于失能老年人的研究尚处于起步阶段。目的调查养老机构老年人的能力现状及影响因素。方法于2017年10月—2018年6月选取南京市3家示范性养老机构的547例老年人(≥60岁)进行问卷调查。内容包括一般信息、生活习惯和疾病相关问题、能力等级、睡眠状况、营养状况、抑郁状况,其中能力等级采用老年人能力评估问卷评估。采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析养老机构老年人能力等级的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷516份,有效回收率为94.3%。432例(83.7%)老年人存在不同程度的失能,轻度失能、中度失能、重度失能者分别为214例(41.5%)、77例(14.9%)、141例(27.3%)。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、运动情况、慢性疼痛情况、患痴呆情况、患慢性病病种数、自评健康状况、营养状况、抑郁状况是养老机构老年人能力等级的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论养老机构老年人的失能发生率较高,高龄、文化程度低、不运动、伴有慢性疼痛、患痴呆、患4种及以上慢性病、自评健康状况差、营养不良及抑郁是老年人失能的危险因素,应予以重视并加强针对性管理。
Background The number of disabled elderly people in China was over 40 million in 2015.The great amount of disabled elderly people pose great challenges to medical care and long-term care.However,studies about this population in China is still in its infancy.Objective To investigate the ability levels and infuencing factors of elderly people in geriatric nursing facilities.Methods We conducted this questionaire survey from October 2017 to June 2018.Participants were 547 elderly people aged≥60 years old who were selected from 3 demonstrative geriatric nursing facilities in Nanjing,China.A set of questionaires were used in the survey for collecting the data concerning general demograpchic characteristics,living habits and health-related problems,ability level(assessed by Ability Assessment for Older Adults),status of sleep,nutrition,and depression.Sequential multinomial Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the influencing factors of the ability.Results A total of 516 cases returned responsive questionnaires,obtaining a response rate of 94.3%.Among the respondents,the prevalence of disability was 83.7%(432/516).Specifically,the prevalence of mild,moderate and severe disability was 41.5%(214/516),14.9%(77/516)and 27.3%(141/516),respectively.Sequential multinomial Logistic regression analysis revealed that age,educational level,physical exercise status,chronic pain,dementia,number of chronic diseases,self-rated health,nutrition status,and depression were influencing factors for the ability level in respondents with disability(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of disability is high in elderly people in geriatric nursing facilities.Older age,low educational level,lack of physical exercise,accompanying chronic pain,prevalence of dementia,prevalence of 4 or more chronic diseases,poor self-rated health,malnutrition and depression are risk factors for disability in this group.In view of this,priority should be given to these risk factors and corresponding management should be strengthened.
作者
王燕君
桂前
张沁
陈宇婧
李玮彤
丁欢
陈丽虹
丁亚媛
宋佳牡
徐桂华
WANG Yanjun;GUI Qian;ZHANG Qin;CHEN Yujing;LI Weitong;DING Huan;CHEN Lihong;DING Yayuan;SONG Jiamu;XU Guihua(Nursing School,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Muchunyuan Nursing Home,Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital,Nanjing 211100,China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第4期468-472,共5页
Chinese General Practice
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71673149)
2018年江苏省研究生培养创新工程研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX18_1639)
江苏高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队培育点
关键词
老年人
养老机构
分级照护
能力等级
影响因素分析
Aged
Geriatric nursing facilities
Grading care
Capacity levels
Root cause analysis
