摘要
化疗是目前治疗癌症最有效的手段之一,但是化疗所使用的抗癌药物大多具有很强的副作用,并且会出现多药耐药现象。多数副作用由抗癌药物不能辨别肿瘤组织和正常组织所引起。而高分子纳米粒子可以作为药物载体包埋抗癌药物,具有靶向和智能化功能的高分子纳米粒子药物载体赋予药物一定的选择性,可减少药物对正常组织的毒副作用。此外,高分子纳米粒子制成的药物传递系统具有低毒、高效和缓释等优点。研究者们制备了多种高分子药物载体用于抗癌药物的递送,以期减少抗癌药物引起的副作用和改善药物耐药现象。Pluronic是一类人工合成的两亲性高分子材料,它具有无毒、生物相容性好、无免疫原性和抗肿瘤多药耐药性等生物学特性和易于化学修饰的理化性质。因此,含Pluronic的高分子纳米粒子作为药物载体在抗癌药物的递送方面受到了广泛的关注。Pluronic形成的高分子纳米粒子的粒径较小,能够被动靶向到肿瘤组织,减少了药物对正常组织的毒性。化学修饰的Pluronic所形成的纳米粒子不仅具有纳米级别的粒径,还具有更多优越的性质。抗体、靶向小分子和生物素修饰的Pluronic赋予载体主动靶向到肿瘤组织的特性;磁性材料的修饰使含Pluronic的纳米粒子具有磁性,在一定磁强度下,该材料包埋的药物能够定位聚集到组织中;一些pH敏感和氧化还原材料的修饰,赋予载体pH和氧化还原敏感性。由此制备的智能化药物载体包埋抗癌药物,能够响应肿瘤组织的环境变化而刺激药物释放。同时,也有研究者制备出双靶向的含Pluronic的药物载体,此载体的靶向效果优于单独靶向的药物载体。未来靶向和智能化药物载体的制备,将进一步提高药物的治疗效果。本文主要归纳了含Pluronic的高分子纳米粒子在靶向和智能药物释放体系的研究现状,其中靶向药物释放体
It is universally believed that chemotherapy is one of the most effective approaches to deal with cancer at present,nevertheless most anticancer drugs adopted in chemotherapy show strong side effects and multidrug resistance.The majority of the side effects are derived from the inability of anticancer drugs to distinguish between tumor tissues and normal tissues.Polymer nanoparticles can be used as drug carriers to embed anti-cancer drugs,which endow drugs with certain selectivity and can reduce toxicity and side effects of drugs on normal tissues owing to their targeted and intelligent functions.Besides,the drug delivery system made of polymer nanoparticles exhibit advantages of low toxicity,high efficiency and sustained release,etc.A variety of high-molecular carriers has been prepared for delivery of anticancer drugs,for the sake of attenuating the side effects caused by anticancer drugs and relieving drug resistance.Pluronic is a kind of synthetic amphiphilic polymer material,showing its superiority in no toxicity,favorable biocompatibility,no immunogenicity,anti-tumor multidrug resistance and feasibility for chemical modification.Therefore,the study of polymer nanoparticles containing Pluronic as drug carriers has aroused numerous interests in the field of anticancer drugs delivery.The polymer nanoparticles formed by Plurnoics are small in size and can be passively targeted to tumor tissues,thus reducing toxicity of drugs to normal tissues.In addition to the nanoscale particles size,the nanoparticles formed by chemically modified Pluronic possess many other superior properties.Pluronic modified by antibody,targeting small molecules and biotin is conductive to realize the active targeting to tumor tissues of carriers.The modification of the magnetic material endows Pluronic nanoparticles with magnetism,which enables the encapsulated drugs localize and aggregate into the tumor tissue under a certain magnetic intensity.The introduction of some pH sensitive and redox materials have equipped Pluronic nanoparticle
作者
陈道鸽
熊向源
龚妍春
李资玲
李玉萍
CHEN Daoge;XIONG Xiangyuan;GONG Yanchun;LI Ziling;LI Yuping(School of Life Science,Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330013)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期517-521,共5页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(21664007)
江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划(20153BCB22009)
江西省高等学校科技落地计划(KJLD13071)
江西省研究生创新专项资金(YC2017-S411)
江西省青年科学基金(20151BAB215048)~~
