摘要
《侵权责任法》第87条规定的加害人不明时高空坠物致人损害的救济规则,为司法机关处理此类纠纷案件提供了明确的法律依据,对受害人提供了一定的保护,但其并未达到立法者预期的效果,受到理论界和实务界的双重质疑。并且第87条规定的高空坠物救济规则与第85条中规定的悬挂物或搁置物致人损害在调整目的方面有实质性的区别。明确责任主体的范围、归责原则以及责任性质等问题是认定高空坠物致人损害责任的前提,在此基础上可通过明确补偿责任标准、强化物业服务企业的监管责任、引入保险制度等完善高空坠物致人损害责任的救济机制。
The relief rules for the damage caused by falling objects at the height of the perpetrators under Article 87 in Tort Liability Law provide clear legal basis for the judicial authorities to handle such disputes. The legal basis provides certain protection for the victims,but does not meet the expected effect of the legislator and is doubted by both the theoretical and practical circles. In addition,the relief rules for the damage caused by falling objects provided in Article 87 are substantially different from those for the damage caused by the suspension and the shelf specified objects in Article 85 in terms of the purpose of adjustment. Defining the scope of the responsible subjects,the principle of liability and the nature of responsibility are the preconditions for determining the liability for the damage caused by falling objects. On this basis,relief mechanism for the damage caused by falling objects can be improved by clarifying the standard of compensation,strengthening the supervision responsibility of property service enterprises and introducing insurance system.
作者
吴美娟
WU Mei-juan(Law School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《湖北职业技术学院学报》
2018年第4期92-97,共6页
Journal of Hubei Polytechnic Institute
关键词
高空坠物
损害责任
责任主体
补偿责任
保险制度
falling objects
damage liability
responsible subject
compensation responsibility
insurance system
