摘要
我国森林资源总量不足,且质量不高。人均森林面积仅为世界人均水平的1/4,人均森林蓄积量只有世界人均水平的1/7。我国木材供需矛盾尖锐,木材及其产品年缺口3亿立方米以上,原木、锯材进口量占全球贸易量的1/3以上,为全球第一大木材进口国和第二大木材消耗国。目前,我国桉树人工林面积450万公顷,只占全国森林面积的2%左右,年产木材超过3 000万立方米,超过全国木材总产量的1/3,桉树人工林为我国经济社会发展做出了重要贡献:(1)对保障国家木材安全具有举足轻重的作用;(2)桉树人工林及其加工业已形成完整产业链,对地方经济发展贡献巨大;(3)桉树人工林同样具有很好的生态效应和防护功能;(4)桉树人工林可促进林农增收和农村致富,是理想的民生林业。
China’s forest area is currently insufficient and the average quality of its forest resources is generally poor.The country’s forest area per capita is now only 1/4 of the global average and its standing forest stock per capita is only 1/7 of the global average.The huge demand and relatively small supply of wood in China represents a big contradiction:the country’s annual shortage of wood and relevant products(i.e.deficit in supply to consumption)now amounts to around 300 million m^3.China’s imports of logs and sawn-timber account for over 1/3 of total world trade,with the country now leading the world in wood imports whilst being the 2nd largest wood consuming country world.Since 2015,China has had around 4.5 million ha of Eucalyptus plantations,and whilst these plantations account for just 2%of the national forest estate(by area)they produce around 30 million m3 of wood annually,which is more than 1/3 of the nation’s total domestic wood production.Eucalyptus plantations are of immense importance to China’s economic and social development due to:1.providing a major contribution to national wood resource security;2.Eucalyptus plantations and associated industries comprising a major industrial value chains that make big contributions to local,rural economies;3.Eucalyptus plantations having good ecological and environmental protection values;4.Eucalyptus plantation ability to greatly enhance the livelihoods and prosperity of many small farmers and other rural dwellers.
作者
谢耀坚
XIE Yaojian(China Eucalypt Research Centre,Zhanjiang 524022,Guangdong,China)
出处
《桉树科技》
2018年第4期3-6,共4页
Eucalypt Science & Technology
基金
省级生态公益林激励性补助资金暨省统筹经费项目"桉树改造培育新模式示范研究"(2016-03)
广西科技重大专项(桂AA172004087-9)
关键词
桉树
木材安全
贡献
Eucalyptus
wood resource security
contribution
