摘要
【目的】研究不同甜樱桃品种的生长发育和果实品质。【方法】对不同甜樱桃品种的生物学特性、产量以及果实品质进行调查分析研究。【结果】布鲁克斯、先锋、早大果是开花较早的甜樱桃品种,而红蜜、西尔维亚、斯克乃德斯3个品种开花较晚。不同甜樱桃品种的花期在12～23 d。红灯、早大果的果实成熟较早,果实生育期较短;西尔维亚的果实成熟较晚,西尔维亚、南阳红的果实生育期较长。叶芽开放期在3月16至29日,落叶终止期在12月8至10日。定植3年的6个甜樱桃品种中,早大果的树高、干周、平均单果重最大,分别为3. 16 m、22. 85 cm、7. 92 g。布鲁克斯的单株产量最大,为1. 08 kg。定植11年的本地樱桃-布莱特的树高、干周、平均单果重、单株产量分别为4. 25 m、50. 35 cm、8. 64 g、34. 85 kg。定植12年的10个甜樱桃品种中,南阳红的树高最高,为4. 67 m;雷吉娜的干周最长,为61. 88 cm;早大果的平均单果重最重,为11. 44 g;龙冠的单株产量最大,为36. 60 kg。布鲁克斯的裂果率最大,为51%;红灯、西尔维亚、先锋、萨米脱的裂果率在10%以下,其它品种未发现裂果现象。8个甜樱桃品种的磷、锌、铁、锰、镁、钙、铜、钠、钾平均含量分别为199 mg/kg、0. 715 mg/kg、3. 44 mg/kg、1. 49 mg/kg、108 mg/kg、98. 7 mg/kg、0.431 mg/kg、1. 94 mg/kg、0. 183%;总糖、维生素C、粗纤维、总酸、水分、可溶性固形物的平均含量分别为11. 22%、21. 9 mg/100g、0. 10%、1. 20%、83. 1%、15. 79%。布鲁克斯的糖酸比值最高,萨米脱的最低。【结论】不同甜樱桃品种生物学特性、产量、果实品质有所差异。
【Objective】The growth and fruit quality of different sweet cherry species were studied in the research.【Method】The biological characteristics,the yield and the fruit quality of different sweet cherry species were evaluated.【Result】The sweet cherry species with earlier flowering were Brooks,Pioneer and Zhaodaguo,and the species with later flowering were Hongmi,Sylvia,and Skendes.The flowering period of different sweet cherry species ranged from 12 days to 23 days.The fruits of Hongdeng and Zhaodaguo ripened earlier than other species,and the fruits growth period were shorter.The fruits of Sylvia ripened the latest,and the fruits growth periods of Sylvia and Nanyanghong were the longest.The leaf bud opening period was from March 16th to 29st,and the leaf ending period was from December 8th to 10th.Among the 6 sweet cherry species planted for 3 years,Zhaodaguo had the highest tree trunk,longest trunk circumference and heaviest average single fruit,which were 3.16 m,22.85 cm and 7.92 g respectively.Brooks had the largest single plant yield of 1.08 kg.The 11-year-old Bright's tree height,trunk circumference,average weight per fruit and the yield per plant were 4.25 m,50.35 cm,8.64 g and 34.85 kg,respectively.Among the 10 sweet cherry varieties planted for 12 years,Nanyanghong had the highest trunk with 4.67 m,and Regina had the largest trunk circumference with 61.88 cm,as well as Zhaodaguo had the largest single fruit weight with 11.44 g.Longguang had the largest yield per plant of 36.60 kg.The rate of fruit cracking of Brooks was the highest up to 51%.The rates of fruit cracking of Hongdeng,Sylvia,Pioneer and Sami were all below 10%,and no fruit cracking was found in other species.The average concentrations of phosphorus,zinc,iron,manganese,magnesium,calcium,copper,sodium,potassium in 8 sweet cherry varieties were 199 mg/kg,0.715 mg/kg,3.44 mg/kg,1.49 mg/kg,108 mg/kg,98.7 mg/kg,0.431 mg/kg,1.94 mg/kg,0.183%,respectively.The average contents of total sugar,vitamin C,crude fiber,total acid,water,and soluble
作者
曾黎琼
仇明华
赵庆明
张晏
于菲
陆琳
ZENG Li-qiong;QIU Ming-hua;ZHAO Qing-ming;ZHANG Yan;YU Fei;LU Lin(Biotechnology&Genetic Germplasm Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resource and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture,Yunnan Kunming 650223,China;Gardening Crop Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Ludian Science and Technology Bureau,Yunnan Ludian 657100,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2659-2665,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省科技厅"桃
樱桃新产品选育及示范"(2015BB012)
关键词
甜樱桃
生物学特性
果实
品质
Sweet cherry
Biological characteristics
Fruit
Quality
