摘要
为准确掌握林带减轻高速公路污染的状况,在距连霍高速、包茂高速、京昆高速公路路基0、15、60m的林带内分别设置监测点,测定了CO、CO_2、NO、NO_2等气态污染物和固体悬浮微粒(PM2.5、PM10)的浓度及噪音值;分别采集距离路基10,20,40,60,100m处无林带和有林带地段0～10、10～20、20～40、40～60cm层土壤,测定了铅含量。结果为:三条高速公路林带内CO_2、NO、NO_2、PM2.5、PM10浓度和噪音值均随距高速公路距离的增加而下降,相对于距路基0m处,CO_2浓度在15m处降低了4.0%～19.3%、在60m处降低了9.4%～21.8%,NO浓度在15m处降低了25.5%～97.1%、在60m处降低了46.7%～98.0%,NO_2浓度在60m处降低了28.3%～83.4%,PM2.5浓度在15m处降低了2.6%～23.4%、在60m处降低了7.7%～25.5%,PM10浓度在15m处降低了3.0%～19.4%、在60m处降低了11.1%～29.1%,噪音值降低1～14分贝后在15m处接近一般环境值(50～60分贝);距路基10、20、40、60、100m地段,0～60cm层土壤平均铅含量有林带为12.34～13.96mg·kg^(-1),低于无林带的16.53～19.72mg·kg^(-1),降低8.5%～31.2%。三条高速公路林带都有降低大气CO_2、NO、NO_2、PM2.5、PM10等浓度,噪音值和土壤铅含量的作用,京昆高速林带降低气态污染物浓度效果最明显,连霍高速林带降低PM2.5、PM10浓度效果最明显,京昆高速林带降低噪音效果最好,林带宽度超过15m之后降低污染物浓度的效果会下降。
In order to accurately determine the effect of shelter belt in reducing the pollution of the highway,monitoring points were set in the forest belts at a distance of0,15and60m from the roads respectively,of Lianhuo Expressway,Baomao Expressway and Jingkun Expressway.The concentration of gaseous pollutant CO,CO2,NO and NO2,solid aerosols(Pm2.5,PM10),noise value were measured.The lead content in soil was determined at a distance of10,20,40,60and100m in no shelter belts and shelter belts in the depths of0~10,10~20,20~40,40~60cm respectively.The result showed that the concentrations of CO2,NO,NO2,Pm2.5,PM10,and noise value in shelter belts of the three expressways all are declined with the distance from the expressway.The CO2concentration was reduced by4.0%~19.3%at15m from the subgrade and by9.4%~21.8%at60m.The concentration of NO was decreased by25.5%~97.1%at15m and by46.7%~98.0%at60m.The concentration of NO2was decreased by28.3%~83.4%at60m.Pm2.5concentration was declined by2.6%~23.4%at15m and by7.7%~25.5%at60m,and PM10concentration decreased by3.0%~19.4%at15m and by11.1%~29.1%at60m.The noise value is reduced by1~14decibels then close to normal environmental values(50~60decibels)at15m.From the subgrade of10,20,40,60,100m,the average of lead content in0~60cm soil layer is12.34~13.96mg·kg^-1,about8.5%~31.2%lower than that measured in no shelter belts,16.53~19.72mg·kg^-1.Shelter belts in three expressways have generated effect in reducing the concentration of CO2,NO,NO2,Pm2.5,PM10,noise value and soil lead content.The shelter belt along Jingkun expressway has the most obvious effect in reducing the concentration of gaseous pollutants,and shelter belt along the Lianhuo expressway reduces Pm2.5and PM10concentration significantly.The shelter belt along Jingkun expressway has the best effect in noise reduction.The effect of reducing the concentration of contaminants will decrease significantly when the width of the belt exceeds15m.
作者
刘明
董军录
呼海涛
熊萍
呼延洋
王冬
何海棠
LIU Ming;DONG Jun-Lu;HU Hai-Tao;XIONG Ping;HU Yan-Yang;WANG Dong;HE Hai-Tang(Forest Inventory and Planning Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710048)
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2018年第6期99-103,109,共6页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
关键词
高速公路林带
气态污染物
固体悬浮微粒
噪音
铅含量
Shelter belt for expressway
gaseous pollutant
solid aerosol
noise value
lead content
