摘要
巴基斯坦城区面临着平衡各地区社会经济与实体发展水平的巨大挑战。与一级城市相比,巴基斯坦的中小城市地区发展还非常落后。本研究旨在刻画巴基斯坦当前城镇的发展状况,以公共服务、基础设施及环境质量为三个基础指标,辅以人口、人均收入、医疗服务指标判断城市发展均衡性。根据巴基斯坦全国层面统计、规划与发展部门提供的量化数据,辅以巴基斯坦四省提供的数据,利用微软的统计软件进行数据分析。ArcGIS利用数据生成的空间图显示了巴基斯坦各城市间的城市发展均衡性。结果表明:巴基斯坦城镇化步伐迅速,多半大城市与一级城市地区都受到城镇化的影响。其次,二级城市的发展开始下滑。由于缺少适用的基础服务设施,人们纷纷迁移到一级城市周围的中小城镇。巴基斯坦政府应立即采取措施提升各城市地区的公共服务、基础设施与环境指标,使市(Metropolitan)、县(District)及乡(Tehsil)级城市地区间的社会经济与实体发展保持均衡。
Pakistan's urban areas are facing big challenges in balancing socio-economic and physical development at different levels.Mid-sized and small urban areas are still backward than other primary urban areas of Pakistan.This research is carried out for indentifying the current development state of existing cities and towns.Index system was set with three aspects of public services,infrastructure and environment based on various indicators.Mainly population,per capita income and healthcare services indicators were selected for observing balance of urban development and its quality.Quantitative data were collected through statistics,planning and development departments of Pakistan.Secondary data were referred from all four provinces of Pakistan.Data were analyzed through Microsoft Statistical software.Data were also represented through spatial maps using ArcGIS software.Balance in urban development quality of various cities of Pakistan was figured-out in these maps.Results revealed that urbanization is rapidly advancing.Mostly metropolitan and primary urban areas are affected.While,secondary urban areas are going towards backward conditions.People are migrating from mid-sized and small towns to primary urban areas due to less availability of basic services.Government of Pakistan should take immediate actions and workout on public services,infrastructure and environment indicators equally in different urban areas and maintain balance in socio-economic and physical development at Metropolitan,District and Tehsil urban level.
出处
《小城镇建设》
2018年第11期56-65,共10页
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51578302)
关键词
城镇化
城市发展
社会经济
行政等级
发展均衡性
巴基斯坦
urbanization
urban development
socio-economic
administrative level
development equilibrium
Pakistan
