摘要
近地表吸收衰减严重,会引起地震子波的空间变化,地表一致性反褶积和近地表Q补偿是解决这一问题的关键技术。首先描述了基于质心频移的近地表Q计算方法及稳健的Q补偿方法;其次从假设条件、应用范围、受噪声的影响程度以及算子的稳定性等方面对比了近地表Q补偿和地表一致性反褶积的效果。对叠前粘弹波动方程正演模型数据和某近地表由沙漠区向公益林区过渡的三维地震资料,分别利用反褶积地表一致性反褶积和近地表Q补偿技术进行了处理和分析,得出结论:在近地表岩性变化剧烈的区域,激发和接收岩性对地震子波的影响起主要作用时,应使用地表一致性反褶积处理技术;在地表吸收起主要作用的沙漠区,应使用近地表Q补偿技术。
Severe absorption attenuation in the near-surface can cause spatial variations in seismic wavelets.Surface-consistent deconvolution and Q compensation are the main techniques used to solve these problems.First,the robust Q compensation method and the centroid frequency downshift-based near-surface Q calculation are described.Second,near-surface Q compensation and surface-consistent deconvolution are compared based on the hypothetical condition,scope of application,effect of noise,and stability of operators.In this study,comparison tests were conducted on synthetic prestack data from viscoelastic equation forward modeling and 3D seismic data in the transition zone,where the near-surface varies from a desert environment to public trees.The results show that surface-consistent deconvolution is preferred in the survey where near-surface lithology changes rapidly and the spatial variation of seismic wavelets is primarily caused by the lithological diversity in shots and receiver locations.Near-surface Q compensation is preferred in the desert survey where the near-surface absorption is severe.
作者
蒋立
陈勇
肖艳玲
王晓涛
郑伟
JINAG Li;CHEN Yong;XIAO Yanling;WANG Xiaotao;ZHENG Wei(Institute of Geophysics,Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Urumqi 830013,China)
出处
《石油物探》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期870-877,共8页
Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum
基金
中国石油集团公司新疆重大科技专项"准噶尔盆地天然气藏主控因素及关键技术研究与应用(2017E-0403)"资助~~
关键词
近地表Q补偿
地表一致性反褶积
地震数据分辨率
沙漠区
空变子波
near-surface Q compensation
surface-consistent deconvolution
seismic data resolution
desert area
spatial-variable wavelet
