摘要
半干旱生态脆弱带采煤沉陷区土地综合治理和生态恢复是世界级的难题。内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市煤炭储量丰富、量大质优、开采量大,但由于气候干旱、植被稀少、生态脆弱,采煤沉陷区治理困难。针对采煤沉陷区水土流失较严重的状况,鄂尔多斯探索出基于水量平衡、品种优化、密度调控、持续经营、效益优先的沙棘治理沉陷区的关键系列技术,采取地方政府出政策、煤炭企业出资金、专业公司出技术、当地农民出劳力等联动模式,使治理区沙棘种植成活率从2006年的30%提高到现在的95%以上,矿区植被覆盖率由开发初期的3%提高60%以上,实现沉陷区治理68.9 km2,区域经济和农民收入都有了显著提高。
Land recovery and ecological restoration of coal mining subsidence area in ecological fragile zone imposes a big challenge to all of the world.Ordos City in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has rich and high-quality coal resources.However,ecological degradation has led to difficulties for land recovery due to the dry climate and scarcity of vegetation.Considering serious soil erosion in the coal mining subsidence area,seabuckthorn plantation has been introduced under the principles of water balance,variety optimization,density adjustment,continuing operations and prioritizing benefit generation.With joint efforts of government with favorable policies,coal developers with money,professional companies with technologies and labor contribution of local farmers,the survival rate of seabuckthorn has been increased from 30%to the current 95%.The vegetation coverage has been expanded from 3%to more than 60%.The total recovered area reached 68.9 km2 that makes great contribution to local economy and increase of farmers'income.
作者
土小宁
徐双民
赵学明
高岩
Tu Xiaoning;Xu Shuangmin;Zhao Xueming;Gao Yan
出处
《中国水利》
2018年第21期10-12,共3页
China Water Resources
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501705
2016YFC0501602)
深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司资助(THRD016)
发改农经[2012]3977号"晋陕蒙砒砂岩十大孔兑沙棘生态减沙工程"
关键词
采煤沉陷区
沙棘林
水土流失治理
鄂尔多斯
Coal mining subsidence area
Seabuckthorn forests
control of soil and water loss
Ordos
