摘要
【目的】明确僵蚜最适冷藏发育期、冷藏温度及僵蚜产品长效冷藏方法,为提高烟蚜茧蜂产品利用率提供理论依据。【方法】将僵化1～4 d僵蚜分别置于1、3和5℃下进行低温冷藏,比较低温对不同发育期僵蚜羽化率的影响;收集僵化2～3 d僵蚜,分别制成僵蚜盒和僵蚜叶片盒,并进行不同外包装处理,比较僵蚜盒和僵蚜叶片盒冷藏后僵蚜的羽化率;测定低温冷藏7、12、17、22、27和32 d僵蚜羽化的雌蜂平均寿命及对烟蚜的寄生量,比较低温冷藏对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂寿命和产卵能力的影响。【结果】在1℃下冷藏,僵蚜羽化率最低;5℃下冷藏期间僵蚜大量羽化;3℃下冷藏,僵化2 d僵蚜的羽化率均高于其他发育阶段僵蚜,至冷藏30 d时僵蚜羽化率仍达57.34%,其次为僵化3 d僵蚜。僵蚜盒密封保湿和僵蚜叶片盒有效冷藏期分别为17和27 d;冷藏后雌蜂寿命为4.33～4.83 d,对烟蚜茧蜂的寄生量为81.36～87.78头/株,与未冷藏雌蜂均无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】以僵化2～3 d僵蚜在3℃下进行冷藏为宜;僵蚜叶片盒有效冷藏期比僵蚜盒长,但冷藏僵蚜盒生产成本更低、效率更高;低温冷藏对烟蚜茧蜂雌蜂的寿命及产卵能力无明显影响。
【Objective】The optimal storage growth period,temperature and long-term cold storagemethod for mummified aphid products were studied to provide reference for improving utilization rate of the products.【Method】The mummified aphid of 1-4 d were stored at 1,3 and 5℃respectively,and then the influences of temperature on emergence rates of mummified aphids at different growth stages were compared.Mummified aphids of 2-3 d were collected and made into mummified aphids boxes and mummified aphids blade boxes,and packaged in various ways.Then the emergence rates of mummified aphids stored in mummified box and mummified blade box were compared.Longevity and parasitic quantity to Myzus persicae of mummified aphids stored in low temperature for 7,12,17,22,27 and 32 d were determined,and effects of low temperature storage on adult Aphidius gifuensis and fecundity were surveyed.【Result】The results showed that the emergence rate of mummified was the lowest at 1℃,and there were a number of mummified aphids emergencing stored at 5℃.The emergence rate of mummified aphid of 2 d were higher than other periods stored at 3℃,there were 57.34%mummified aphid could emerge after 30 d.The emergence rate of mummified aphid of 3 d ranked the second.The effective cold storage period of mummified box and mummified blade box were 17 and 27 d.The female bee had a life span of 4.33-4.83 d after cold storage,and the parasitic amount to A.gifuensis 81.36 to 87.78 bees per plant,there were no significant difference with the female bees without cold storage(P>0.05).【Conclusion】The mummified aphids of 2-3 d being stored at 3℃is the optimal method.The effective storage period of mummified blade box is longer than mummified box,However,the cost of production of mummified box is less than mummified blade box,and it is more efficient.The cold storage has no obvious effects on longevity and fecundity of female A.gifuensis.
作者
阙劲松
白崇禄
黄坤
陈华祥
周红雁
雍容婧
李庆伟
沈小智
彭跃
尚官鹏
吴伟
刘春明
QUE Jin-song;BAI Chong-lu;HUANG Kun;CHEN Hua-xiang;ZHOU Hong-yan;YONG Rong-jing;LI Qing-wei;SHEN Xiao-zhi;PENG Yue;SHANG Guan-peng;WU Wei;LIU Chun-ming(Honghe Branch,Yunnan Tobacco Company,Mile,Yunnan 652300,China;College of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Runcai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650224,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第9期1782-1786,共5页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201402008)
中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2015YN18)
关键词
烟蚜茧蜂
僵蚜
低温冷藏
羽化率
寿命
Aphidius gifuensis
mummified aphid
low temperature storage
emergence rate
longevity
