摘要
采用低本底多道NaI(Tl)γ能谱仪和ERS-2-S氡钍射气析出仪对西宁市建筑主体材料中天然放射性核素比活度及氡的析出率进行测定,并按照相关标准进行评价。结果表明,除红砖、碎石和砂子外,其他建筑材料中^(40) K的比活度均低于西宁市区土壤^(40) K的平均值,红砖、灰渣砖、加气块和水泥中^(226) Ra和^(232) Th的平均比活度均高于该区域土壤中相应核素的平均值。所调查建筑材料内、外照指数均小于1,其放射性水平满足国标限量要求;部分样品的居民接受有效剂量当量率略高于最大允许限值1mSv/a,生产加工过程中须控制工业废渣的使用。
The specific activities of 40 K,226 Ra and 232 Th and radon exhalation rates of building materials in Xining were determined by using low background multi-channel NaI(Tl)γspectrometer and ERS-2-S radon-thoron analyzer,respectively.The results were evaluated in accordance with the relevant standard methods.The results show that the specific activities of 40 K,except for red-clay brick,gravel aggregate and sand,in the building materials are lower than the mean of local soil,while the specific activities of 226 Ra and 232 Th in red-clay brick,ash brick,aerated block and cement exceed the corresponding means of local soil.The values of internal exposure and external exposure indexes of the analyzed building materials are lower than 1 which can be used anywhere.While,the annual effective dose equivalent rate of some red-clay and aerated block samples are slightly higher than or close to the maximum limit of 1 mSv/a suggested by the European Commission.The radon(222 Rn)exhalation rate of building materials is related to the level of 226 Ra specific activity.
作者
巢世刚
卢新卫
翟永洪
王建荣
CHAO Shi-gang;LU Xin-wei;ZHAI Yong-hong;WANG Jian-rong(Environmental Science Research and Design Institute of Qinghai Province,Xining 810007,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)
出处
《核化学与放射化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期330-335,共6页
Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry
关键词
建筑材料
比活度
照射指数
氡的析出率
西宁
building materials
specific activity
exposure index
radon exhalation rates
Xining
