摘要
为了探讨黄土丘陵干化土壤中栽种植物生长及其土壤水分问题,试验采用野外地下大型土柱模拟当地深层干化土壤,并在试验土柱栽植典型植物早熟禾、柠条、苜蓿和刺槐,于2014-2016年定期观测试验植物生长及土柱内10m土层土壤水分,分析干化土壤中不同植被生长状况及土壤水分变化和水分利用效率,以期为干化土壤建造植被提供依据。结果表明:1)模拟干化土壤中,早熟禾、柠条、苜蓿和刺槐种植地土壤水分活跃层分别为0~2.6、0~3.2、0~3m和0~10m,其中早熟禾种植地土壤活跃层水分得到提升,该层次土壤储水量较初期增加115.07mm,柠条、苜蓿和刺槐在2014年后活跃层干化加剧,与初期土壤储水量相比,该层土壤储水量至2016年分别减少42.90、45.57mm和241.57mm。2)稳定层分别为2.6、3.2、3m和10m以下,稳定层土壤水分无显著差异(P>0.05),与初期相近。3)干化土壤中植被生长受当年降水量影响较大,株高生长量和单株生物量在2016年丰水年显著高于2015年枯水年(P<0.05)。4)早熟禾和苜蓿水分利用效率在枯水年>丰水年,柠条和刺槐水分利用效率在丰水年>枯水年。
Soil water is an important resource for the vegetations in the loess plateau,because most area of loess plateau belongs to arid and semi-arid region where rainfall is less and groundwater is deeper.The root of vegetation absorbs the deep soil water to keep the water consumption in dry season and caused soil desiccation that can result in the development of dry soil layer.However,information regarding management of soil drying layer is scarce.12 large underground soil columns,which diameter is 0.8 m and depth is 10 m,was used to simulate the deep dry soil,and Pratensis,Caragana,Alfalfa and Robinia was planted in the large underground soil columns.We observed the plant hight,ground diameter and individual biomass using tape measure,vernier caliper and balance.Soil moisture in all treatment groups was determined by using CNC100 neutron water gauging tubes placed at different depths,at 20 cm intervals,and measured over the course of 10 days during 2014 to 2016,while water consumption and water use efficiency were calculated using water balance methods.Significance and variance analysis were done using SPSS 18.0.Our results showed that 1)the range and rule of soil water content for different vegetation in simulated dry soil were different.Soil moisture changeable layer of pratensis,caragana,alfalfa and robinia were 0-2.6 m,0-3.2 m,0-3 m and 0-10 m,respectively.And soil moisture stable layer of which were 2.6-10 m,3.2-10 m and 3-10 m,respectively.The water content of changeable layer was restored by planting Pratensis,and comparing the intial soil water storgae in 2011,soil water storage at this level increased by 115.07 mm in 2016.however,The water content of changeable layer planted Caragana,Alfalfa and Robinia became more and more dry after 2014,and soil moisture of which soil layer could not restored in wet years,which rainfall was 581.3 mm.Comparing with the intial soil water storage at changeable layer in 2011,soil water storage decreased 42.90 mm,45.57 mm and 241.57 mm in 2016,respectively.2)There was no signifi
作者
白永红
高志永
陆静
汪有科
董建国
BAI Yong-hong;GAO Zhi-yong;LU Jing;WANG You-ke;DONG Jian-guo(College of Nature Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shannxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory for Northwest Water Resource and Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education Xi an University of Technology,Xi an,Shaanxi 710048,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shannxi 712100,China;College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shannxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期1-8,74,共9页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
陕西统筹项目:陕北风沙区设施枣树节水提质增效技术研究(2016KTZDNY-01-05)
陕西统筹项目:红枣优质高效生产关键技术集成与示范(2014KTCG01-03)
国家支撑计划项目:陕北水蚀区植被功能调控技术与示范(2015BAC01B03)
关键词
模拟
干化土壤
植被
土壤水分
水分利用效率
simulated
dry soil
vegetation
soil moisture
water use efficiency
