摘要
2016年11月20—24日一次强寒潮南下影响我国大部地区,这是继2016年1月罕见寒潮之后又一次寒潮事件。利用中国气象局气象共享数据网、MICAPS平台、武汉气象站等来源的气象资料,运用天气学原理和诊断分析方法对此次强寒潮的环流形势及其冷空气对我国部分地区降温的影响进行分析。结果表明:冷空气主要受位于蒙古国境内的横槽阻挡,在贝加尔湖附近堆积,横槽转竖后冷空气迅速南下,影响我国。该次寒潮中冷空气主要来自新地岛以西洋面,受咸海附近冷低压影响,分东路和西路侵入我国,并在黄土高原汇合。我国西南地区和华北地区分别主要受到西路和东路冷空气的影响,由于西路冷空气较弱,西南地区降温的速率和幅度均不及华北地区。华中和华东地区受两路冷空气共同影响,降温最剧烈,降温幅度最大。相比于1月的寒潮,该次寒潮过程导致武汉地区出现更大幅度、更剧烈的降温,但是最低气温高于1月的寒潮过程。
After the rare cold wave in January 2016,another strong cold wave swept across China in the same year from 20 to 24 November.Using conventional meteorological data from community databases containing surfaces meteorological data from the China Meteorological Administration,the MICAPS Platform and the Wuhan National Weather Station,the circulation feature and the effect of the strong cold wave in late November 2016 were analysed in terms of the synoptic principle and the dynamic diagnosis.The results showed that the cold air was blocked by a transverse trough in Mongolia and accumulated near Lake Baikal,then the transverse trough turned vertically,and moved southwards,affecting most of China.The cold air came mainly from the western ocean of Novaya Zemlya.Affected by the cold-core cyclone near Aral Sea,it intruded into China on east and west paths and converged in the Loess Plateau.Southwest China was mainly affected by the cold air from the west path while northern China was mainly affected by eastward cold air.As the cold air on the westward path was weaker,the speed and amplitude of cooling in the southwest region was less significant than in northern China.Central and eastern China were affected by the cold air from both east and west path,which caused the most severe temperature drop and the largest cooling range.The temperature in Wuhan in this cold wave fell more quickly than during the cold wave which happened in January of 2017,but the minimum temperature was higher.
作者
余洋
Yu Yang(Institute of Heavy Rain,China Meteorological Administration,Wuhan 430205;Caidian Meteorological Bureau of Wuhan,Wuhan 430100)
出处
《气象科技进展》
2018年第4期22-28,共7页
Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology
关键词
强寒潮
横槽转竖
强冷空气
气温
strong cold wave
transverse trough turning to vertical
strong cold air
temperature
