摘要
加强动物调运监管,是切断动物疫病传播途径的重要手段。为借鉴美国活动物跨州调运监管经验,完善我国动物调运监管制度,本文对美国相关法律法规进行了系统研究。研究表明:美国动物跨州调运监管制度以促进动物贸易、维护贸易安全为基本导向。制度框架为:分类管理疫病,对外来病、重点控制病种、普通流行病分别实施禁止、限制、不限制易感动物跨州调运等措施;分区、分群设定易感动物跨州调运要求;动物卫生状况的确立以实验室检测为依据,并据此实施动物用途管制;调运动物必须具有完备的官方标识,确保疫情可追溯;运输设施要确保清洁卫生,并满足动物福利要求。这些制度的建立,对美国成功控制消灭一系列动物疫病发挥了重要作用。
Strengthening supervision over animal transportation is an important approach to cut off the transmission of animal diseases.In order to provide reference for the improvement of animal transportation supervision system in China,relevant laws and regulations in the United States were systematically studied in this article.According to analysis results,the basic principle of supervision system in USA is to promote animal trade and maintain the trade safety.The framework of the supervision system is as followed:classifying and managing animal diseases,different measures should be adopted according to exotic,major and general diseases,such as prohibiting,restricting and not restricting the interstate transportation of susceptible animals;setting the requirements for interstate transportation by differentiating various regions and animal groups;on the basis of laboratory detection,the animal health status was determined,by which the uses of transported animals were controlled;the transported animals must be officially identified to ensure traceability of animal diseases;the transportation facilities must be clean and sanitary and meet animal welfare requirements.These formulated measures have played an important role in successfully controlling and eradicating many animal diseases in USA.
作者
宋建德
黄保续
刘陆世
袁丽萍
孙洪涛
王媛媛
魏荣
孙淑芳
Song Jiande;Huang Baoxu;Liu Lushi;Yuan Liping;Sun Hongtao;Wang Yuanyuan;Wei Rong;Sun Shufang(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China)
出处
《中国动物检疫》
CAS
2018年第8期56-61,共6页
China Animal Health Inspection
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1200500)
关键词
美国
活动物
跨州调运
兽医监督证书
标识
USA
live animal
interstate transportation
certificate of veterinary inspection and supervision
animal identification
