摘要
基层协商民主的蓬勃发展也引发了基层治理的诸多重要变化。解析协商民主的运作过程是理解协商民主的关键。基层协商民主的运行主要包括协商主体、协商对象、协商制度和协商成果四个方面的内容,其中协商主体指向的是谁来参与的问题,多元主体的参与有利于形成更好的共识,但也因规模限制和官方偏好而导致参与机会的失衡;协商对象对应于协商议题,基层协商民主的议题设置主要掌控在基层党政机关及其领导人手中,议题既是围绕党和政府中心工作而展开的,也是社会问题倒逼的产物;协商制度是关于如何协商的问题,流程的规范化有利于协商民主的稳定性和持续性,但也可能带来更多的约束和压制,抑制协商民主的活力和动力;协商成果主要看能否形成有约束力的共识,这种共识能否转化为实际的决策,这既取决于党和政府及其职能部门的意志和需要,也与共识本身的质量密不可分。对基层协商民主运行过程的描述、分析和反思,有利于增加对当前协商民主基本状况和存在的问题的理解。
The vigorous development of grass-roots deliberative democracy has led to important changes among local governance.The process of deliberative democracy is the key to understand deliberative democracy.The operation of grass-roots deliberative democracy includes four aspects:deliberative subject,deliberative object,deliberative system and deliberative results.The deliberative subject refers to the question of the entities who are involved.The participation of multiple entities greatly helps to form consensus.However,size constraint and official preference lead to imbalance of participation opportunities.The deliberative object corresponds to negotiation issues.The setting of grass-roots deliberative democracy is mainly controlled by grass-roots Party,government agencies and their leaders.The issues are centered on the work of the Party and government centers.It also reflects the affluence of social problems.The deliberative system is about how to negotiate,and the standardization of the process is conducive to the stability and continuity of deliberative democracy.However,it may also bring in much restraint and suppression,which restrains the vibrancy of deliberative democracy.The deliberative result is about whether a binding consensus can be formed.Whether this consensus can be translated into actual decisions depends not only on the will and needs of the Party and government and their functional departments,but also on the quality of the consensus itself.The description,analysis and criticism of the operation process of grass-roots deliberative democracy can increase the understanding of the basic status of deliberative democracy and its situation,and solve problems.
出处
《河南社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期66-72,共7页
Henan Social Sciences
基金
中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心重大项目"中国特色社会主义协商民主研究"(2015YZD07)
国家社会科学基金项目"现代国家的治理技术及其运作逻辑"(15BZZ036)
关键词
基层协商民主
协商主体
协商客体
协商流程
协商成果
运行过程
共识
Grass-Roots Deliberative Democracy
Deliberative Subject
Deliberative Object
Deliberative Process
Deliberative Outcome
Operation Process
Consensus
