摘要
[目的]探讨不同钾水平下4种梨砧木幼苗钾营养特性的差异,为培育钾高效梨砧木提供优异种质和理论依据。[方法]以‘山梨’、‘杜梨Ⅰ’(湖北杜梨)、‘杜梨Ⅱ’(郑州杜梨)和‘豆梨’幼苗为供试材料,采用适钾(3.0 mmol·L^(-1))和低钾(0.1 mmol·L^(-1))2个营养液培养方法,研究钾素对梨不同砧木幼苗生长,钾、钙、镁含量,钾素分配和利用效率的影响。[结果]低钾处理下,各个品种梨砧木幼苗的根、茎、叶及全株干质量均低于适钾处理,其中‘山梨’的下降幅度最小;‘山梨’的根总长和根尖数在低钾处理下均升高,但其他品种的根系参数都有不同程度的下降。低钾处理导致梨砧木幼苗体内钾浓度及钾积累量降低,钙、镁含量升高,且与其他品种相比,‘山梨’的升高幅度最大。在不同钾水平处理下,各个品种梨砧木幼苗各器官的钾分配比例从大到小的器官分别为叶、根、茎;与其他品种叶片相比,‘山梨’叶片中的钾分配比例最高。低钾处理显著提高了各个品种梨砧木幼苗的钾利用效率,‘山梨’的增加幅度最大,其钾效率比及钾利用效率均高于其他品种。此外,‘山梨’幼苗的叶绿素含量均显著高于其他品种钾处理;在低钾处理下,‘山梨’幼苗根和叶中丙二醛含量的增加量均较低。[结论]在低钾胁迫下,‘山梨’幼苗具有较有利的生理特性和更高效的钾素利用能力,适应低钾胁迫。
[Objectives]Four varieties of pear rootstock seedlings were used to investigate the differences in the potassium nutrition characteristics under moderate and low potassium levels.It aimed to apply the superior pear germplasm resources and offer a theoretical basis for breeding potassium high efficient pear varieties.[Methods]Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim,P.betulifolia Bunge(P.betulifolia from Hubei and P.betulifolia from Zhengzhou)and P.calleryana Dcne were supplied by 3.0 and 0.1 mmol·L-1 K+.Plant height,dry weight,potassium content,calcium content,magnesium content and potassium accumulation in each part of pear rootstock seedlings,root morphological traits,potassium use efficiency,chlorophyll content and MDA content were studied.[Results]The low K+stress led to significantly decreasing root,stem,leaf and whole plant dry weight of all pear rootstocks compared with moderate K+level,and P.ussuriensis Maxim dropped the smallest.Root total length and apex number of P.ussuriensis Maxim increased under low K+level,while the root parameters of other varieties decreased in different degrees.Low K+condition decreased K+contents and K+accumulations and increased Ca 2+contents and Mg 2+contents in each part of pear rootstock seedlings,and the increase of P.ussuriensis Maxim was the largest compared with others.At different K+levels,the potassium distribution ratio order of pear rootstock seedlings showed leaf,root,stem,and the proportion of potassium in the leaves of P.ussuriensis Maxim was the highest.The potassium utilization efficiency of all varieties pear rootstocks significantly increased under low K+level,and P.ussuriensis Maxim was the largest increase.And the potassium efficient ratio and potassium utilization efficiency of P.ussuriensis Maxim were higher than others.Additionally,the chlorophyll contents of P.ussuriensis Maxim were significantly higher than those of other varieties under different potassium treatments.Under low K+level,the increase of root and shoot MDA content of P.ussuriensis Maxim were lower than o
作者
彭莉润
谢昶琰
刘慧冉
石晓倩
徐阳春
董彩霞
PENG Lirun;XIE Changyan;LIU Huiran;SHI Xiaoqian;XU Yangchun;DONG Caixia(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期465-472,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28-10)
关键词
梨
砧木
钾
根系形态
利用效率
pear
rootstock
potassium
root morphology
utilization efficiency
