摘要
森林凋落物在维持森林生态系统正常的物质循环和养分平衡方面起着重要作用,凋落物分解为森林生态系统提供可持续利用的养分。研究滇中高原森林凋落物现存量及分解过程,掌握其凋落物营养元素的含量和储量特征,可为森林生态系统的可持续经营提供依据。以云南玉溪磨盘山华山松(Pinus armandii)林、云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)林、高山栎(Quercus semecarpifolia)林、滇油杉(Keteleeria evelyniana)林、常绿阔叶林5种森林类型为研究对象,通过野外调查、室内实验相结合的方法,对滇中高原5类森林凋落物现存量及分解强度、凋落物营养元素含量及储量进行研究。结果表明,(1)磨盘山5类森林凋落物现存量表现为:滇油杉林(30.28 t·hm^(-2))>云南松林(29.81 t·hm^(-2))>华山松林(25.15 t·hm^(-2))>高山栎林(11.92t·hm^(-2))>常绿阔叶林(11.91 t·hm^(-2)),其中分解层凋落物量最丰富,占总现存量的40%以上;云南松林和华山松林的新鲜凋落物分解强度高,分解一段时间后分解强度减弱,而常绿阔叶林则与之相反;高山栎和滇油杉凋落物分解强度在不同阶段无显著差异。(2)随凋落物分解程度的加剧,5类森林凋落物中P、N、Zn含量总体呈增大趋势,S、Fe、Na含量逐层增大,Ca、Mg含量逐层减少,K、Mn含量分布无明显规律性。(3)5种森林类型凋落物营养元素总储量表现为:滇油杉林(988.63kg·hm^(-2))>华山松林(719.79kg·hm^(-2))>云南松林(624.27kg·hm^(-2))>高山栎林(308.82kg·hm^(-2))>常绿阔叶林(290.41kg·hm^(-2)),凋落物营养元素储量在凋落物下层有明显的积累,其中N、P、K、Al、Fe、Na、Zn在分解层积累,而Ca、Mg、Mn则在半分解层就发生积累。
Litterfall plays a significant role in nutrient cycling and energy flow in forest ecosystems,litterfall decomposition provides nutrients for sustainable growth in forest ecosystems.Through studying litterfall accumulation and decomposition process,the characteristics of litterfall nutrient content and reserves in Central Yunnan Plateau was understanded.In order to achieve the data of litter accumulation and nutrient content in typical forest ecosystems in Central Yunnan Plateau,we selected Pinus armandii forest,Pinus yunnanensis forest,Quercus semecarpifolia forest,Keteleeria evelyniana forest as the object of study,through field investigation and laboratory experiments,and analyzed the biomass and decomposition strength of litterfall,nutrient contents and reserves of litterfall.The results showed that:(1)the biomass of forest litter in five forests ecosystems was in order of Keteleeria evelyniana forest(30.28 t·hm-2)>Pinus yunnanensis forest(29.81 t·hm-2)>Pinus armandii forest(25.15 t·hm-2)>Quercus semecarpifolia forest(11.92 t·hm-2)>evergreen broad-leaved forest(11.91 t·hm-2),the litterfall accumulation in the decomposition layer was the largest accounting for more than 40%of the total litterfall accumulation.The litterfall in Pinus yunnanensis forest and Pinus armandii Franch forest showed higher decomposition intensity in surface litterfall and lower decomposition intensity in lower litterfall,and opposite performance in evergreen broad-leaved forest.The different decomposition levels of Quercus semecarpifolia forest and Keteleeria evelyniana forest,the decomposition strength of the two groups were similar.(2)With the increasing of depth in litters layer,the concentration of S,Fe and Na increased and the concentration of Ca,Mg decreased,also the concentration of K,Mn were no significant regularity.In addition,the concentration of N,P,Zn showed a trend of increase roughly.(3)The nutrient storage in five forest ecosystems was in order of Keteleeria evelyniana forest(988.63 kg·hm-2)>Pinus armandii forest(7
作者
施昀希
黎建强
陈奇伯
王瑞璋
杨丽云
SHI Yunxi;LI Jianqiang;CHEN Qibo;WANG Ruizhang;YANG Liyun(Faculty of Ecology&Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Yunnan Forestry Technological College,Kunming 670224,China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期617-624,共8页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660146)
云南省高校土壤侵蚀与控制重点实验室建设项目(云教科(2016)37号)
云南省高校生态学优势特色重点学科建设项目(05000511311)
西南林业大学博士基金项目(111705)
关键词
滇中高原
森林凋落物
营养元素
Central Yunnan Plateau
forestry litters
nutrient elements
