摘要
In this transitional period,the concept of legally protected interests in Chinese criminal legislation is changing with the imposition of new control measures that endow criminal law with new functions,including taking an active part in social governance.Active legislation will not entail the systemic risk of excessive interference by criminal law.Criminalization does not conflict with criminal law’s concept of modest restraint.In terms of overall approach,we need to establish dynamic,rational and diversified legislative mechanisms for the future.In terms of specific methods,legislation must maintain an approach of actively intervention in the life of society,changing the current centralized legislative model.However,decentralized legislation should not necessarily adopt the tripartite model of the criminal code plus special enactments and auxiliary criminal law.Rather,it should construct a written criminal law system centered on the criminal code and supplemented by the law on minor offences,in parallel with criminal penalties and public security measures.This will produce a mechanism for the seamless incremental convergence of public security administrative punishment law,minor offences law,and criminal law.The net of justice is fine-meshed but its penalties are light.The addition of new crimes must uphold the rule of law,correspond to specific social situations,maintain an attitude of sensitivity and clarity toward lawlessness and regard criminal law as a last resort,in order to alleviate the pressures legislators currently face from the growing body of criminal law.
处于社会转型期的中国刑法立法及时转变法益观念,增强新的调控手段,赋予刑法新的机能,积极参与社会治理。活跃的立法不会带来刑法过度干预的系统风险;犯罪化与刑法谦抑性没有矛盾。从总体思路上看,未来应当建立能动、理性、多元的立法机制。从具体方法上看,立法必须保持积极干预社会生活的姿态,改变目前的集中立法模式,但分散立法未必要采用刑法典、单行刑法和附属刑法的三足鼎立方式,而应建构以刑法典为核心,以轻犯罪法为辅助,刑罚和保安处分措施并行的成文刑法体系,形成治安管理处罚法、轻犯罪法、刑法的递进式无缝衔接制裁机制,严密法网但处罚轻缓。增设新罪必须坚持法治立场,对应具体的社会状况,保持不法的可感性、明确性,顾及刑法的最后手段性,以缓解当前立法者面临的泛刑法化压力。
