摘要
根结线虫是危害最严重的植物寄生线虫,其分布广、寄主多,是威胁农业生产的重要病原物。生物防治是控制根结线虫病的有效措施之一。本课题组前期筛选获得1株对南方根结线虫有高毒力的生防真菌产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum)Snef2367。通过室内试验测定该菌株代谢产物对南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)2龄幼虫(J2)的毒性和卵孵化抑制的效果,并利用盆栽和温室试验进一步验证其生防效果。室内试验测定结果表明:该菌株代谢产物对南方根结线虫J2具有强毒杀作用,处理24h和72h时,J2的校正致死率分别高达89.16%和98.44%;该菌株代谢产物也显著抑制卵的孵化,处理48 h和72h时,相对抑制率分别高达80.20%和67.63%。盆栽试验结果表明,产黄青霉Snef2367代谢产物可显著降低根结指数和土壤中J2数量,并且显著增加株高、根长、根鲜重和根干重,具有明显的促生效果。温室田间试验结果与盆栽试验结果基本一致,均可显著降低根结指数和土壤中J2数量,并且显著增加株高和根长,但由于田间根结线虫发生严重,使番茄植株根鲜重和根干重显著低于对照处理。同时,盆栽试验显示Snef2367代谢产物对番茄根结线虫的减退率高达56.67%,温室田间试验的防效高达64.29%。可见,产黄青霉Snef2367菌株代谢产物具有很好的促生和防病效果,为植物线虫病的生物防治提供了新的生防资源。
Root-knot nematode(RKN)is the most seriously damaging plant-parasitic nematode and is also an important pathogen in agricultural production owing to its worldwide distribution and numerous hosts.Biological control is one of effective measures to control RKN.Snef2367 strain was screened with high virulence against Meloidogyne incognita and identified as Penicillium chrysogenum by our lab.In order to evaluate the toxicity and biocontrol effect on RKN,the nematicidal activity and the inhibition effect of metabolites from P.chrysogenum Snef2367 were tested against the second juveniles(J2)and egg hatching of M.incognita,respectively.Furthermore,vivo experiments also were conducted to verify the biological control effect of P.chrysogenum Snef2367 on tomato plants infested with M.incognita.The results indicated that the metabolite of Snef2367 showed high lethal effect on the J2 of M.incognita,and the corrected mortality were 89.16%and 98.44%in 24h and 72h after the treatment,respectively.Snef2367 also inhibited egg hatching significantly with the hatching inhibition rate of 80.20%and 67.63%in 48h and 72h after the treatment,respectively.Pot experiment showed that the metabolites of Snef2367 significantly decreased gall index and J2 density in soil and significantly promoted the growth of tomato plants.The results of plot experiment in greenhouse were basically consistent with the results of pot experiment,which could significantly reduce gall index and J2 density in soil and significantly increase the shoot height and root length.Root fresh weight and root dry weight significantly decreased compared to control owing to serious RNK in greenhouse experiments.Meanwhile,pot experiment showed the decrease rate of RKN by Snef2367 was as high as 56.67%.The biocontrol efficacy of Snef2367 under greenhouse was 64.29%.In summary,the metabolite of P.chrysogenum Snef2367 showed excellent effects of promoting growth and preventing disease,and could be considered to be a promising biocontrol agent against M.incognita with a high effi
作者
姚美玲
范海燕
周园园
武居宝
刘晓宇
朱晓峰
王媛媛
段玉玺
陈立杰
YAO Mei-ling;FAN Hai-yan;ZHOU Yuan-yuan;WU Ju-bao;LIU Xiao-yu;ZHU Xiao-feng;WANG Yuan-yuan;DUAN Yu-xi;CHEN Li-jie(College of Plant Protection/Nematology Institute of Northern China,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期143-149,共7页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31471748
31171823)
关键词
产黄青霉
代谢产物
南方根结线虫
毒力
防效
Penicillium chrysogenum
metabolite
Meloidogyne incognita
toxicity
control efficacy
