摘要
在欧洲历史上,威尼斯以其独有的城市共和闻名于世,被看作古代城邦在中世纪的复活。威尼斯的共和政制一方面继承了罗马的共和传统,保留了相当多的罗马古风;另一方面又与其自身的特殊因素有关,尤其是威尼斯"以商立国"的使命。威尼斯共和政制结构大致可以划分为立法、行政和司法三大系统,其最大的特色在于集权制约与分权制约并举。本质上说,威尼斯的政体还是贵族制,城市的权力始终掌握在少数贵族手里,其独特的共和政制在传统与现代之间架起了一座桥梁,开启了现代政制之窗。
In the history of Europe,Venice is well known for its unique political system of City Republic,which is regarded as a renaissance of the Grecian Polis in the Middle Ages.The Venetian Republic,on the one hand,evolved from the Roman Republic,retaining many of its traditions;on the other hand,was closely related to its special circumstances,especially its mercantilism.This paper argues that the Venetian political system can roughly be divided into three branches,namely the legislative,the judicial and the executive.Its most distinguishing feature lies in the parallel arrangement of both centralized and decentralized checks on power.In essence,the Venetian political system is still a kind of aristocracy,in which power of the City was always held in the hands of a few aristocrats.In this sense,the Venetian City Republic opened a window to modernity,acting as a bridge between traditional and modern political systems.
作者
梁晨
LIANG Chen(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第1期36-40,共5页
Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)
关键词
城市共和
罗马传统
合法性
City Republic
Roman traditions
legitimacy
