摘要
近年来,随着人们的生活习惯向高脂膳食转变,高脂膳食诱发的食源性肥胖、心血管疾病、糖尿病等相关慢性代谢疾病已经成为困扰全球的公共卫生问题。越来越多的研究表明,肠道微生态和高脂膳食诱发的代谢紊乱关系密切。受膳食、遗传背景和生活方式等因素的影响,肠道微生态的组成存在着很大的个体差异。膳食不仅仅为宿主提供营养物质,也是肠道微生物营养的来源,能影响肠道微生态的组成和功能。宿主的能量代谢、肠道通透性的保持以及一些炎症反应和免疫反应均与肠道微生态的改变相关。本文综述了高脂膳食、肠道微生态和宿主健康之间的相互影响及其可能的作用机理。虽然目前的研究结果还无法证实肠道微生态与高脂膳食诱发的相关慢性代谢疾病是否存在因果关系,但肠道微生态与宿主健康之间的相互影响为肥胖及其相关代谢疾病的防治提供了新思路。
Because of the popularity of high fat diet,the global prevalence of obesity and related metabolic comorbidities has increased considerably over the past decades.Growing evidence has implicated that the gut microbiota is closely related with obesity and associated metabolic disturbances induced by high fat diet.The composition of the gut microbiota can fluctuate markedly within an individual and between individuals,because of genetic and environmental factors(diet,drug administration and lifestyle).Diet provides nutrients for humans and animals,and the microbes in the gastrointestinal tract obtain their nutrients from food sources such as dietary fibres.It has already been confirmed that diet modulates the composition and functions of the gut microbiota in humans and other mammals.The gut microbiota participates in host functions that are related to the development of obesity,including energy harvest and expenditure,gut permeability and some inflammatory and immune reactions.In this review,we discuss current studies on mechanistic interactions between the gut microbiota and metabolic health,with the aim to clarify the underlying mechanisms.Despite the growing evidence describing the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health,more investigations are needed to substantiate whether a causeand-effect relationship exists.And the evidence linking gut microbiota to host metabolism could allow for the development of new therapeutic strategies based on gut microbiota modulation to treat or prevent obesity and related metabolic comorbidities.
作者
赵敏洁
蔡海莺
蒋增良
李杨
张辉
冯凤琴
ZHAO Minjie;CAI Haiying;JIANG Zengliang;LI Yang;ZHANG Hui;FENG Fengqin(College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Hangzhou 310023, China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期336-343,共8页
Food Science
基金
杭州市成果转化项目(20161631E01)
关键词
高脂膳食
肠道微生态
肥胖
胰岛素抵抗
代谢综合征
high fat diet
gut microbiota
obesity
insulin resisitance
metabolic syndrome
