摘要
电力行业是我国碳排放权交易体系中的重要参与行业,开展区域电力行业碳排放强度分析与基准线设置研究,不仅有利于区域因地制宜地开展行业碳减排工作,同时对全国统一碳市场的建立尤其是电力行业配额分配方案的确定具有重要参考价值.基于天津市2014年15家主要发电企业的32台发电机组数据,在核算分析天津市电力行业碳排放强度的基础上,设置实际排放情景、现行标准先进值情景及综合减排情景等3组基准线情景,并展开对天津市电力行业碳减排的适用性分析.研究表明:(1)在数据和统计基础较好、产品单一的行业采用基准法进行配额分配,有利于碳市场资源的公平、合理配置,可有效促进区域电力行业低碳发展;(2)2014年天津市电力行业碳排放强度为822.9 g/(kW·h),燃煤发电与燃气发电碳排放强度分别为824.4与502.0 g/(kW·h);(3)发电碳排放强度可反应出单台机组的能耗和管理水平,燃煤发电方式下,采用压力参数高、机组容量大的机组发电更有利于降低区域碳强度;(4)综合减排情景既考虑了本地区电力行业碳排放水平,同时参考了其他省市基准线设定,对部分类型机组数量较少、代表性不足的地区适用性更强,该情景对地区电力行业低碳水平要求最为严格,虽然为企业减排带来一定压力,但更有利于区域行业减排,且对于排放强度较高的较小容量机组能够起到更强的激励作用.
Power industry is one of the key participants in the capandtrade system of China.The research of regional carbon intensity and benchmarking of power industry conduces to proposing measures for regional carbon emissions reduction and meanwhile has great reference value for constructing the capandtrade system of China,especially for allowance allocation.By adopting data from15major power plants with32generator units in Tianjin City,we firstly calculated and analyzed the regional carbon intensity of power industry and then designed three scenarios for carbon emissions benchmarking along with an analysis of applicability for Tianjin City,which are actual emissions scenario,advanced value of current standards scenario and comprehensive emissions reduction scenario.The study shows:(1)In the industries with solid database and single product,adopting benchmarking method in allowance allocation is propitious to the rational distribution of carbon markets resources,hence promoting the lowcarbon development of regional power industry.(2)The carbon intensity of Tianjin′s power industry is822.9g/(kW·h)in2014and the intensity for coalfired power and gasfired power are8244and502.0g(kW·h)respectively.(3)Carbon intensity of electricity generation reflects the level of energy consumption and management of specific units.Coalfired power units with high pressure and capacity conduce to the reduction of regional carbon emission from power industry.(4)Comprehensive emission reduction scenario is suitable for regions lacking local units,which is set under the consideration of both local carbon emission level and the benchmarking of other pilot provinces.As the toughest sets of benchmarking,the scenario might bring more pressure on the power companies,but the incentive effect for regional reduction is nonnegligible,especially for companies running low capacity units with relatively high intensity.
作者
张宁
贺姝峒
王军锋
陈颖
康磊
ZHANG Ning;HE Shutong;WANG Junfeng;CHEN Ying;KANG Lei(Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences,Tianjin 300191,China;Circular Economy and Low- Carbon Development Research Center,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期187-193,共7页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(2014130)
国家自然科学基金项目(71373134)
关键词
电力行业
碳排放强度
基准线
碳交易
配额分配
power industry
carbon intensity
benchmarking
cap-and-trade
allowance allocation
