摘要
目的了解农村自杀未遂的临床和流行病学特征，为干预提供科学依据。方法对本县域内各医疗机构收治的自杀未遂者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果4年间全县各医疗机构共收治自杀未遂且病历资料符合要求者共103例，男女比为1:1.71；年龄5~81岁，15~34岁占50.5%；66.0%选择喝农药、其它有毒食物或服用过量药物的自杀方式，37.9%的自杀行为发生在白天非上班时间，64.1%的自杀行为选择在家中进行；33.0%有精神疾病或有心理障碍史；19.4%的自杀未逐者的家系中有自杀或自杀未逐史。大专及以上学历者选择自残、非家中及白天非上班时间自杀以及伴有精神障碍的比例高于其他学历组，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；老年组多选择在家中自杀，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。103例自杀未遂者在住院期间除采取了与自杀行为所造成的躯体损害相关的临床医学干预外，基本未接受心理干预。结论农村地区自杀未逐者有其自身的临床与流行病学特征，基本未得到心理评估与干预，农村需要建立基础的自杀未遂者的社会心理支持系统，需要精神科医师或心理医师的参与。
Objective To understand the clinical and epidemiological features of rural suicide attempters,and provide scientific basis for intervention.Method The medical records of suicide attempters who were admitted to and treated in all local medical institutions in Shayang county,Hubei province,were collected and analyzed.Results A total of103suicide attempters were admitted to the local medical institutions in the past four years,with a male/female ratio of1/1.71.The ages of suicide attempters ranged from5to81years old,in which15to34years old attempters accounted for50.5%.66.0%of suicide attempters ingested pesticide,ate poisonous food,or took excessive medicine.37.9%of suicidal behavior happened in non-working hours during the day.64.1%of suicide happened in their own houses.33.0%of suicide attempters had a history of mental illness or psychological disorder;The pedigree of19.4%suicide attempters showed the history of suicide or attempted suicide.A higher proportion of persons with higher education levels(junior college and higher levels)chose self-mutilation,suicided out of family at nonworking time,or were accompanied with mental disorder compared to the other groups.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01or0.05).Old age group preferred committing suicide at home,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).All103suicide attempters were treated only for the somatic injury,without receiving any psychological intervention during hospitalization.Conclusion Suicide attempters in rural areas have their own clinical and epidemiological features,they were not assessed and treated psychologically.A foundational psychosocial support system should be built for people living in rural areas to prevent suicide,which requirs the participation of psychiatrists and psychologists.
作者
徐鸿冰
肖道丽
XU Hong-bing;XIAO Dao-li(Disease Prevention and Control of Shayang, Shayang 448200,China)
出处
《伤害医学（电子版）》
2015年第4期9-12,共4页
Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)
关键词
自杀
农村
临床
流行病学
心理干预
Suicide
Countryside
Clinical
Epidemiology
Psychological intervention
