摘要
Bathymodiolus属贻贝是广泛分布于全球深海冷泉和热液生态系统的优势种,在深海化能生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中起着重要作用。本文以我国南海北部冷泉的主要优势种平端深海偏顶蛤(Bathymodiolus platifrons)为研究对象,采用常规生化测定方法,研究了其主要生化成分和氨基酸组成的特征,并就特定组织中主要生化成分的含量与生活在热液区的平端深海偏顶蛤和近岸的远东偏顶蛤(Modiolus kurilensis)进行了对比。结果表明,南海冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤软体部含水量84.28%,粗蛋白含量7.18%,粗脂肪含量1.23%,糖类含量2.75%,与已报道的深海贝类组成相近。虽然主要生化成分含量在3种贻贝的鳃、外套膜、闭壳肌和消化腺4个组织中总体差异不大,但是冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤和热液平端深海偏顶蛤的外套膜糖类含量(25.20%、30.66%)显著高于远东偏顶蛤(6.97%,P<0.05),这表明平端深海偏顶蛤的主要储存物质为外套膜中的糖类。在氨基酸组成上,冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤鳃中氨基酸总量为44.55%(干质量),外套膜中为34.83%(干质量),其中必需氨基酸分别占比41.73%和40.52%,总体与其他贝类相似。然而,在平端深海偏顶蛤中,与渗透压调节相关的甘氨酸和与硫代谢相关的牛磺酸含量较高,这与其适应深海高盐度高硫化氢浓度的环境相关。综上所述,南海冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤在常规生化组分和氨基酸组成上与近岸常见双壳类具有一定差异,这些差异与其特殊生境的关系还需要更加深入的研究。
Bathymodiolin mussels are a key species in cold seep and hydrothermal vent ecosystems where they arewidely distributed and play an important role in the material cycle and energy flow of deep-sea chemotrophic ecosystems.In this paper,conventional biochemical determination methods are used to determine the fundamentalbiochemical components of Bathymodiolus platifrons in a South China Sea cold seep.Differences between musselsfound at cold seeps,hydrothermal vents,and the offshore mussel Modiolus kurilensis are also discussed.Proportionsof water,crude protein,lipids,and glycogen in B.platifrons are84.28,7.18,1.23,and2.75%,respectively,which are similar to those reported in deep-sea mussels.The glycogen content in the mantle of cold seep B.platifrons(25.20%)is significantly higher than that of M.kurilensis(6.97%)(P<0.05),but is close to that of hydrothermalvent B.platifrons(30.66%),indicating that glycogen stored in the mantle is the energy reserve of B.platifrons.The total amino acid content in the gill and mantle of seep B.platifrons is44.55and34.83%of dry weight,inwhich the essential amino acid content accounts for41.73and40.52%,respectively.However,the contents of glycineand taurine are higher than in offshore bivalves.These compounds are related to osmoregulation and sulfurmetabolism and may thus indicate environmental adaption.Results show certain differences between the biochemicalcomponent content of the SCS cold seep B.platifrons and offshore mussels;however,the relationship with specialhabitats needs further research.
作者
郭欣雨
李超伦
GUO Xin-yu;LI Chao-lun(CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
出处
《海洋科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期65-71,共7页
Marine Sciences
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA11030202)
中国科学院国际创新团队项目(20140491526)
科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100803)~~
关键词
平端深海偏顶蛤
生化成分
冷泉
南海
Bathymodiolus platifrons
biochemical composition
cold seep
the South China Sea
