摘要
目的:了解拉萨市2003~2013年麻疹流行病学特征,提出麻疹控制措施。方法:对2003~2013年在我院麻疹住院病例,利用Excel表格统计处理,进行描述流行病学分析。结果 :2003~2013年我科住院的麻疹病例547,从2005年发病高峰至2007年发病新低,于2008年开始回升,2011年达到了发病率的新高。麻疹病例分布广泛,流行模式以散发和爆发并存,病例主要集中在拉萨、那曲、昌都、日喀则等地。发病季节主要集中2~6月;发病人群以儿童为主,以8月至15岁占病例数62.3%。病例中有74%的无免疫史或免疫史不详,16.5%仅接种1剂次麻疹疫苗。结论应进一步加强麻疹疫苗常规免疫工作,适时开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫,提高免疫覆盖率,消除免疫空白,对目前麻疹疫苗的免疫策略进行研究。
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Lhasa between2003and2013to propose control measures for disease control.Methods:Epidemiology analysis of measles was gathered by Excel from2003to2013in our hospital among hospitalized patients.Results:Among547hospitalized patients,the peak morbidity in2005and the low incidence minimized in2007,unfortunately measles had reached the highest levels ever recorded.The disease was a worldwide epidemic,and mainly spreading in Lhasa,Nagchu,Qamdo and Shigatse.In morbidity months distribution,between February and June were primarily.The children were the high-risk group,the8month and under15years accounted for62.3percent,there were70percent without or with unknown immunization history,and16.5percent be vaccinated one time.Conclusions:The routine immunization of measles should be further reinforced,the coverage of vaccination should be enhanced,the susceptible population should be reduced,and now immunogenicity strategy researched.
作者
央宗
Zong Yang(Department of Infectious Diseases, Third People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China)
出处
《西藏医药》
2017年第1期54-56,共3页
Tibetan Medicine
关键词
麻疹
流行病学特征
预防控制措施
Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles
Prevention Control Measure
