摘要
本研究以黄淮海平原地区重要的农林复合经营模式泡桐-小麦林网复合生态系统为对象,通过对2013—2015年系统内光合有效辐射(PAR)的连续定位观测及小麦产量的调查,结合对小麦不同生育期内的PAR与小麦产量、千粒重、粒数的相关性分析,研究了系统内PAR的分布状况及小麦产量对其的响应。结果表明:PAR、透光率均随着与林带距离的增加而增加,且在10 m(约1倍树高)范围内变化显著,10 m之后增加缓慢。在所有生育期、所有测点中,透光率的最小值出现在灌浆成熟期2 m处观测点。单位面积小麦产量与小麦全生育期内的PAR、粒数和小麦扬花期内的PAR、千粒重及小麦灌浆成熟期内的PAR的相关关系均达极显著水平(r=0.918,P=0.000;r=0.926,P=0.000;r=0.922,P=0.000)。扬花期林带对小麦的遮荫直接影响小麦的粒数,灌浆成熟期林带对小麦的遮荫直接影响小麦的千粒重,系统内小麦产量的空间差异性可以通过小麦粒数和千粒重的差异来解释。小麦产量(y)与全生育期内PAR(x)的线性回归方程为:y=0.121 3x+95.117(R2=0.842)。经检验,方程的模拟值和实测值无显著差异(P=0.609),预测精度达91.8%。可以根据此方程,结合PAR观测值对系统内各点的小麦产量进行预测。本研究结果为建立泡桐-小麦林网复合生态系统整体生产力的预测模型奠定了基础,为优化泡桐林网复合生态系统结构提供理论依据。
Paulownia fortuneii-wheat intercropping system is one of the most important agro-forestry ecosystems in Yellow-Huai-Hai River Flooding Plain in China.In this paper,a P.fortuneii shelterbelt intercropped with wheat was studied in order to determine light distribution and its impact on wheat yield.A total of24observation points with different differences to P.fortuneii shelterbelt were set to monitor photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)and72quadrats investigated to meas ure wheat yield,1000-grain weight and grains per unit area for the period2013-2015.Correlations between PAR at3key stages(including flowering stage,grain-filling stage and whole growth stage)and wheat yield,1000-grain weight and grains per unit area were then analyzed.The results suggested that PAR and transmittance increased along with increasing distance from Paulownia shelterbelt and there were significant changes within10m(approximately1-fold tree stem height)in the Paulownia shelterbelt.PAR and transmittance changed slightly above the distance of10m apart.The transmittance at2m apart from the south of the shelterbelt at grain-filling stage was smallest among all the observation points at3growth stages.The correlations were significant between wheat yield and PAR for whole growth period(r=0.918,P=0.000),the number of grains and PAR at flowering stage(r=0.926,P=0.000),the1000-grain weight and PAR at grain-filling stage(r=0.922,P=0.000).The number of grains per unit area and1000-grain weight were directly affected by shelterbelt overshadow both at flowering stage and grain-filling stage.The spatial difference in wheat yield in the intercropping system was explained by the difference in number of grains per unit area.The linear regression equation for wheat yield(y)and PAR(x)was y=0.1213x+95.117(R2=0.842).The K-W rank test(P=0.609)at equation precision of91.8%showed no significant difference between predicted yield and actual yield.The equation(in combination with observed PAR)was suitable for predicting wheat yield in mthe intercropping system
作者
赵阳
乔杰
王炜炜
王保平
周海江
崔令军
段伟
苏凌燕
ZHAO Yang;QIAO Jie;WANG Weiwei;WANG Baoping;ZHOU Haijiang;CUI Lingjun;DUAN Wei;SU Lingyan(China Paulownia Research Center, Zhengzhou 450003, China;Beijing Linmiao Eco-Environment Technology CO. LTD,Beijing 100000, China;Changge General Station for Forest Technology, Changge 461500, China)
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期647-655,共9页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD07B00)资助~~
关键词
泡桐林网
小麦
生育期
光合有效辐射
透光率
产量
Paulownia shelterbelt
Wheat
Growth period
Photosynthetically active radiation
Transmittance
Wheat yield
