摘要
以典型草原大型露天煤矿排土场为研究对象,研究不同水土保持工程措施与植物措施配置形式下排土场人工、半人工植物群落的植物种类组成、结构及物种多样性变化,结果表明,自然恢复的人工裸露边坡草层低矮、植物种类单一,水土保持工程措施与植物措施相结合进行植被恢复的试验小区植物种类明显增加,项目实施第三年试验区内共出现23种植物,分属10科22属,单种科和单种属占优势;"生态袋一字型布设+撒播种草"试验小区出现的植物种类最多,植物成活率高、Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数较大,这一措施配置形式在草原矿区排土场边坡植物群落快速建植和水土流失防治等方面效果均显著;抗逆性强、具有固氮功能、性状优良的豆科牧草可作为草原矿区人工扰动后植被恢复重建的先锋物种。
The influences of the different remaining measures of soil and water and plant measures on vegetation composition and plant diversity of artificial and semi-artificial plant community were investigated in coal mine dump slope of typical steppe.The results indicated that plant species in exposed slopes under natural restoration were relatively poor due to fragile ecological environment.Plant species increased significantly under remaining measures of soil and water with combination of engineering measures and plant measures.There were23species belonging to22genera and10families observed in the investigated areas after three years.Monotypic genus and single family were in dominant position.There were abundant species,higher survival rate,Shannon-wiener diversity and Margalef richness indices designed with the measure of bag a font and broadcast sowing,which showed the high vegetation construction efficiency for controlled soil and water loss in coal mine dump slope.Leguminous plants with strong resistance,wide adaptability and nitrogen fixation might be taken as a pioneer plant for restoration and reconstruction of vegetation in coal mine dump slope of typical steppe.
作者
珊丹
何京丽
刘艳萍
梁占岐
荣浩
SHAN Dan;HE Jingli;LIU yanping;LIANG Zhanqi;RONG Hao(Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, Hohhot 010020, China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第2期57-62,共6页
Ecological Science
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(20140713)
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201301049)
国家自然科学基金-青年科学基金项目(31400482)
关键词
排土场边坡
水土保持措施
植物群落
多样性
dump slope
remaining measures of soil and water
plant community
diversity
