摘要
汉长安城并不是一次性设计建造实施的产物,期间经历草创、丰富和完善的过程。在汉长安城存续期间,先后存在着东西向和南北向两条轴线。前期的轴线为霸城门至直城门大街,西汉后期轴线为安门大街。南北向轴线形成于王莽时期,三大标志性建筑:南郊礼制建筑群、三原天齐祠、子午道的建造或更名,意味着贯穿长安城的南北向超长基线的确立,同时也意味着汉文化中最重要的因素之一——南向理念、南北郊祀、左右对称、轴线意识的最终形成。南北郊祀、南向,南郊礼制建筑,加之轴线、左右对称的观念逐渐成为都城建设的规划原则,支持并不断强化天子居住地的唯一性和绝对权威性。作为汉文化构成要素之一的都城规划原则,不仅在东汉时几乎被全盘接受并传承下来,而且在其后的时代都得到遵循,直至明清北京城,彰显出其悠久的文化魅力。
Han Chang’an City was not a product which has been designed at one stroke and constructed step bystep in the later years.It had experienced the initial stage,enriching and perfecting process as well.During its longexistence,there had been two axis,east-west and north-south axis,successively.The previous axis was from theBa-Gate to the Zhi-Gate Street,The latter one was the avenue of Anmen-Gate in the late Western Han Dynasty.North-south axis was formed in Wang Mang period with three landmarks:Etiquette buildings of southern suburbs,Tianqi Temple in Sanyuan County and Meridian Road.It marked the establishment of the long baseline throughout theChang’an City.At the same time,it also meaned that one of the most important factors in Chinese culture haseventually been settled--the idea of facing the south,Northern-Southern suburbs’s etiquette buildings,bilateralsymmetry and the consciousness of axis awareness.Little by little,it became the designing principle of capital city,andsupported and intensified the uniqueness and absolute authority of the emperor’s residence.This designing principle ofcapital was almost inherited by all in Eastern Han Dynasty,and also in the subsequent period until Ming and QingDynasties,which highlighted its age-old cultural charm.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2017年第2期25-33,共9页
The Central Plains Culture Research
关键词
汉长安城
轴线
汉文化
南向理念
都城规划
Han Chang’an City
axis
Han culture
idea of facing the south
capital planning
