摘要
识别土地利用转型的热点区域并探究其动力机制可为保护土地生态环境安全提供科技支撑,促进区域经济社会的可持续发展。利用空间热点分析模型探测鄱阳湖生态经济区2000—2014年期间土地利用转型的热点区域,通过典型相关分析定量识别土地利用转型的主导驱动因子,并从供给与需求的经济学视角阐释了土地利用转型的驱动机制。研究表明,(1)滨湖地区2000—2014年发生了剧烈的土地利用转型,耕地、林地、草地、滩地大量向城乡建设用地转化,土地生态面临严重威胁。在距鄱阳湖水面10 km之内,耕地、林地和草地面积分别减少15 740、15 152 hm^2,建设用地面积增加了47 138 hm^2。(2)城市建成区周围及主要道路对土地利用转型具有显著的辐射作用,区内土地利用变化高频区呈现"井"字形空间格局。在距离道路10 km之内,2000—2014年期间土地利用综合动态度由2.765‰衰减至1.059‰。(3)土地利用转型的热点区域数量呈增加趋势,并具有明显的轮换与跃迁特征,基本形成以南昌、九江、景德镇、鹰潭为中心的4个快速转型区。(4)经济、社会发展导致的土地供需矛盾是引发土地利用形态变化的主要动因。亟待建立滨湖生态环境缓冲区,严格控制滨湖地区的土地资源开发利用活动;对土地利用转型的热点区域进行科学规划,通过土地供需调控促进土地资源的集约、高效利用,增加土地经济供给。
Identifying the hot spots of land use transition and exploring its mechanism is significant for protecting land ecological environment and promoting regional sustainable development. Based on RS/GIS technique, land use dynamic degree model, hot spot analysis and canonical correlation analysis methods are adopted to reveal the hot spots and dominant driving factors of land use transition in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone from 2000 to 2014. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanism of land use transition is explained from the perspective of land supply and demand. Major conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The dramatic transformation among various land use types has occurred since 2000 in the lakeside,and the sharply declining of farmland and ecological land use type and the aggressive expansion of construction land pose great threat to land ecology. The arable land and forest and grassland decreased 15 740 hm2 and 15 152 hm2, respectively, whereas the area of construction land increased 47 138 hm2 within 10 km ofPoyang Lake from 2000 to 2014; (2) The regional economic center and the main roads have significant radiation effect on land usetransition, and the regional spatial pattern with high frequency of land use transition presents a shape of “#”. From 2000 to 2014, theintegrated land use dynamic degree gradually decreased from 2.765‰ to 1.059‰ within 10 km of the main roads; (3) Four rapidtransition zones were formed taking Nanchang, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen and Yingtan as the centers; And (4) the conflict between land supply and demand caused by socio-economic development triggers the changes of land use morphology. The authors argue that the eco-environment buffer area should be established and strict restriction on land development should be implemented around Poyang Lake. Besides, scientific planning of economic development of the hot spots is in urgency to promote intensive land use.
作者
张英男
龙花楼
屠爽爽
戈大专
王冬艳
ZHANG Yingnan;LONG Hualou;TU Shuangshuang;GE Dazhuan;WANG Dongyan(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1828-1835,共8页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国土资源部公益性行业科研专项"长江中游经济带土地利用转型管控技术与政策创新"(201511004)
