摘要
人是自然界的产物,虽然自然的进化已经使人类超越于普通生物,但人类即便具备了异于普通生物的能动性,都始终不可能摆脱自然规律的制约,人的能动性只能体现在对自然规律的认识和遵循上。自工业化以来,近代技术的发展使人们在自然面前越发狂妄自大,进而愈加藐视自然规律的制约。对自然规律的轻视,是造成环境问题的根源。中国传统思想,特别是道家思想,由关注人而探讨自然,虽然带有原始的朴素性和模糊性,但不得不承认,它在人与自然整体、系统观念下对自然规律的发现和认识,其正确性已经越来越被近现代以来的科学发展所证实。在我们为环境问题吃尽苦头从而被迫思考摆脱环境困境的今天,重温并充分重视老子"道生万物"的生成律、"复归其根"的循环律和"长短相形"的共存律,将有利于扭转人类以往走过的歧路,有利于人类文明的持续。西方机械论自然观指导下形成的实验室科学,其结果因为割裂了自然的联系性,从而造成了违背自然、危害人类生存的"技术",而老子的生成律告诉我们,宇宙自然是生成的、联系的、复杂的,不可简单化地随意割裂;老子的循环律告诉我们,宇宙自然万物无不处于循环状态中,近代工业文明非循环的生产模式,因为破坏了循环规律,带来了人类生存的危机;老子的共存律告诉我们,人与自然共生共存,遵循客观规律和发挥主观能动性是辩证统一的,发挥主观能动性以遵循客观规律为前提,人的主观能动性正是对客观规律的认识。老子的对宇宙自然规律的准确把握,是人类"诗意地栖居"于地球的哲学基础。
Human comes from nature. Although human beings, because of natural evolution, transcend other creatures, they still can??t be free from the constraint of the natural law even with the initiative differing from other creatures. Humans’ initiatives lie in their cognition of and compliance with the natural law. Since the industrialization, with the development of modern technology, humans have disregarded the natural law, which causes environmental problems. The Chinese traditional thought, especially Taoism, presents concern about human and then about nature. Its discovery and cognition of the natural law under the systematic concept of nature?human integration, though with the primitive simplicity and ambiguity, are undeniably verified by modern scientific development. Today, when we have to figure out solutions to environmental problems, the reconsideration of Taoism is beneficial to reverse the course and sustain human civilization, including the generation law of“Dao acting as the underlying principle behind the creation of the myriad things”, the circulation law of“returning to roots”and the coexistence law of“Long and short testing one another”. Lao?tzu??s generation law proposes that the universe is generated, connected, complex, and cannot be simply fragmented. Laboratory science instructed by Western Mechanical Theory of nature brings about the development of“technology”that violates nature and endangers human life for breaking the connection of nature. Lao?tzu??s circulation law maintains that everything in the universe is in circulation and the production mode in modern industrial civilization brings crisis to human??s existence because of its violation of circulation law. According to Lao?tzu??s coexistence law, human and nature coexist; to obey the objective laws and to have subjective initiatives is a dialectical unity. The subjective initiatives, concerned with human’s cognition of objective laws, are under the premise of following objective laws. Lao?tzu??s thoughts of natural la
出处
《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2016年第4期39-47,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
自然规律
“诗意栖居”
哲学基础
natural law
“poetic dwelling”
philosophical foundation
