摘要
结合北京市采矿废弃地土壤地质环境情况,选取密云区西坨古金矿尾矿土、密云区冯家峪铁矿尾矿土和门头沟区桑峪煤矸石堆为研究对象,进行植物修复研究。共开展4种类型的修复试验,即选用高羊茅、紫花苜蓿和三叶草3种修复植物分别进行修复,同时与板蓝根、桔梗、波斯菊和薄荷等中草药进行混合种植修复,在植物生命周期的不同阶段采集样品分析测试。结果表明:在4种修复类型中,高羊茅对金矿尾矿土中Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd去除效果最好,最大去除率达到18.10%、14.57%、13.81%、18.12%;混合种植对铁矿尾矿土中Cr、Ni、As、Hg去除率达到4种修复类型的最大值,分别为14.81%、9.80%、37.25%、50%。三叶草对煤矸石修复效果最好,对Cr、Pb、Zn、Cd的去除率分别为5.65%、37.15%、15.15%、20%,是4种修复模式去除率的最大值。在生命周期的不同阶段,对比4种修复模式对采矿废弃地土壤中8种重金属的去除效果,均发现有去除率先升后降的现象,因此可对修复植物的进行定期收割,为提高植物吸附土壤重金属的效率,提供一定科学依据。
Planting experiment was conducted combined with the geological environment of mining area in Beijing to study phytoremediation of four planting models (Festuca arundinacea, Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens L.and mixed planting with Radix isatidis, radix platycodi, cosmos et al.) .The study areas are Xituogu gold mine in Miyun, Fengjiayu iron mine in Miyun, and Sangyu coal gangue in Mentougou. The samples were collected and analyzed in four times of the plants’ life cycle. The results showed that Festuca arundinacea had the best removal efficiency of Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cd of gold mine soil. The maximum removal rates were up to 18.10%, 14.57%,13.81%, 18.12%, respectively. For the deserted iron mine soil, the mixture planting had the best removal efficiency of Cr, Ni, As, Hg, with the removal rates of 14.81%, 9.80%, 37.25%, 50% , respectively. For the gangue, the Trifolium repens L. had the best removal efficiency of Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd, with the removal rates of 5.65%, 37.15%,15.15%, 20%. In the whole life cycle of the 4 planting models, the removal rates of the heavy metals don’t always continue to rise, but frequently appear the phenomena of rise first and fall later. This might provide a scientific basis for the regular reap, and therefore improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals by phytoremediation
作者
孙楠
闫广新
王立发
张言
邢宇鑫
王金艳
SUN Nan;YAN Guangxin;WANG Lifa;ZHANG Yan;XING Yuxin;WANG Jinyan(Beijing Geological Engineering Design Institute, Beijing 101500;Aalto University, Helsinki, FI-00076;Beijing University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083)
出处
《城市地质》
2016年第4期7-14,共8页
Urban Geology
基金
北京市矿山地质环境监测系统建设(一期)(编号:D2016-20127-001)
关键词
采矿废弃地
植物修复
去除率
修复模式
生命周期
Mining deserted land
Phytoremediation
Removal rate
Repair model
Life cycle
