摘要
根据埃里克森的生命周期理论,在安娜·弗洛伊德的自我防御机制、哈特曼的自我适应性和皮亚杰平衡概念的基础上构建的自我同一性理论的ψ模型进行分析发现,在个体生命周期中"自我与本我、超我"和"自我与环境"两组关系内,个体生命阶段与宗教之间具有相关性。在儿童期,自我逐渐从本我中剥离,并强化了超我的形成。儿童的自我概念逐渐形成,儿童宗教意识的"泛灵论、目的论、拟人论"由强渐弱。青春期及青年期,自我与环境的危机呈现,自我同一性成为最大需求。中年期,自我成熟并形成稳定的人格,对道德的渴望加剧。老年期内在心理系统的不平衡成为主要方面,老年人希望通过宗教实现自我超越。此外,对个体生命周期中人类宗教心理不同特征的研究对起步中的宗教心理学学科建设有所裨益。
Based on Eriksen’s life cycle theory, Anna Freud’s ego defense mechanisms, Hartmann’s self adaptive and Piaget’s equilibrium concept, ψ model of self-identity theory is built, and the relation between individual life stage and religion in Ego Id Superego and Ego-environment is analyzed. During childhood, Ego gradually strips off Id and intensifies the formation of Superego. Children’s Ego concept gradually forms, animism teleology and anthropomorphism of children’s religious consciousness starts to decline. In adolescence and early adulthood, crisis of Ego and environment started to show, self-identity became maximum demand. In middle age,Ego matures and stable personality is formed, longing for morality. At old stage, internal imbalance of psychological system becomes major aspect, old people hope to achieve self-transcendence through religion. This article also summarized different characteristics of human religious psychology in individual life cycle, hope to start psychology of religion in discipline construction.
作者
周普元
Zhou Puyuan(Institute of Marxism, Xinjiang Normal University)
出处
《当代青年研究》
CSSCI
2016年第2期38-43,共6页
Contemporary Youth Research
基金
新疆社科基金一般项目"乌鲁木齐维吾尔族个体宗教心理发展研究"的阶段性成果
项目编号:2015BZJ069
国家社科基金项目"微时代新疆高校宗教虚拟化传播的治理研究"的阶段性成果
项目编号:15XKS046
关键词
宗教心理学
个体宗教心理发展的ψ模型
生命周期
自我同一性
Psychology of Religion
ψ Model of Individual Religious Psychological Development
Life Circle
Self-identity
