摘要
深化马克思资本理论研究的现实意义是 ,对社会主义条件下存在并需要大力发展的私人资本及按资分配的收入的属性作出正确的价值判断。马克思对资本的界定有两个方面的定义 :一是资本一般 ,二是资本特殊。根据资本一般定义 ,确认公有资本概念 ,这又是新的资本特殊。在私营企业存在剥削关系。信用的发展导致虚拟资本的产生 ,因此出现执行资本职能的资本与不执行资本职能的资本的分离 ,私人资本不完全等于直接的雇佣劳动关系。私人购买股票、债券 ,持有企业股权都是发展私人资本的形式 ,资本雇佣劳动的场合取得的收入可以定义为剥削收入。资本被其他要素所雇佣所取得的收入 ,就不能一概认定为剥削收入。居民的银行存款、购买股票以及在企业中持有股权产生的利息、股息以及股票转让收入都是财产的所有权收入 ,不是剥削收入。
The real significance of deepening the studies on the Marxist theory of capital in more depth is to make an accurate assessment of private capital that exists and needs to be vigorously developed under socialist conditions, and the income accruing from distribution according to capital. Marx defined capital in two ways: capital in general and capital in particular. The nature of private enterprises can be demonstrated through the definition of capital in particular. The profits generated from capital can be expressed as the result of the human resources of the entrepreneur rather than the natural growth of the capital itself. The development of credit led to the generation of virtual capital, which resulted in a division between capital with and without executive function. Exploitative relations do exist in private enterprises, but private capital is not equivalent to the direct wage labor relationship. The purchase of stocks, bonds and ownership of stock holdings are all modes of developing private capital. The profits from capital wage labor situations can be defined as income from exploitation. However, incomes resulting from capital based on other elements other than wage labor relations cannot be all regarded as remuneration from exploitation. Bank deposits, stocks and holding shares in enterprises should be regarded ways citizens keep their wealth; interests generated from these items are all proprietary income, and not income from exploitation.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2002年第4期13-20,共8页
Social Sciences in China
