摘要
明朝末年,考试文体等制度因素的僵化影响了学术、文学等的健康,不少文人希望以复古革除时弊,却常流于肤浅摹拟,带来新的问题。钱谦益曾深受这一风气影响,归有光等吴中前辈才志高远却久困场屋的经历使他对学术、文学与政治有了新的认识,开始试图凭借自己的身份地位融合山林与台阁之文,发扬吴中博学好古的传统,以“古学”对抗“俗学”,用“古文”之正纠正“时文”之弊。由于跨越两朝的较长活动时间及广大交游,通过钱谦益个人的人生轨迹特别是早年的转变,结合对晚明以降吴中士人生活状态与思想观念的分析,能更好地认识政局、文学等主题的深刻变迁,这对研究明清文坛演进有不容忽视的意义。
The rigidity of examination style and other institutional factors has affected the health of academia and literature,etc.Many scholars hope to get rid of the disadvantages by restoring ancient ways,but often turn to superficial imitation,which brought new problems.QianQianyi had once been influenced by this atmosphere,the experiences of predecessors in Wuzhong such as Gui Youguang gave him a new understanding of academic,literature and politics,and he started to rely on his status and carry forward the tradition of Wuzhong.Because of the long activity time and the vast friendship across the two dynasties,through Qian Qianyi's personal life track,especially the transformation in his early years,combined with the analysis of the living state and ideological concept of the scholars of Wuzhong in the late Ming dynasty,we can better understand the profound changes of political situation,literature and other themes,which is of great significance to the study of the evolution of the literary in Ming and Qing dynasties.
关键词
吴中
钱谦益
科举
复古
时文
台阁
Wuzhong
Qian Qianyi
Imperial examination
Restore ancient ways
Eight-part essay
TaiGe
