摘要
对陕西关中地区4所乡域中小学校14间教室冬季室内温湿度、空气流速、黑球温度等参数进行了现场测试,并以问卷方式调查了中小学生的着装情况及对热环境的主观评价等.对调查测试结果进行统计回归,获得该地区中小学生冬季热中性温度为14.4℃,热期望温度为15.3℃,80%学生可接受的温度下限为10.6℃,90%学生感到满意的舒适温度范围为12.7~16.9℃.结果表明在当地气候条件及学生衣着、心理期望、生理特性等因素综合影响下,中小学生对冷环境形成了较强的适应性,根据该实际情况给出了可预测中小学生平均热感觉的a PMV适应性模型,自适应系数λ=-0.42(PMV<0),λ=0.28(PMV>0).研究所得各类温度及自适应模型对陕西关中地区乡域中小学教室内热环境设计与评价提供依据.
Field survey is made about the winter indoor temperature,air velocity and black ball temperature of 14 classrooms in 4 township primary and secondary schools in mid-Shaanxi Province,and a questionnaire survey is also made on the dressing condition and subjective evaluation of thermal environment of students in these schools.Through the analysis of the survey results,the acceptable neutral temperature of the students in winter is 14.4℃,and the preferred temperature is 15.3℃.The lowest temperature that 80% students can accept is 10.6℃ and the thermal comfort temperature range that 90% students feel satisfied is 12.7~16.9℃.The results show that the primary school students formed a strong sense of adaptability to the local climate conditions influenced by the factors such as the students' dressing condition,psychological expectation and physical characters.According to the actual condition of the experiment,we figure out the predictable adaptive a PMV model that can predict the primary and secondary students' mean thermal sense,adaptive coefficient λ=-0.42(PMV<0),λ=0.28(PMV>0).The different kinds of temperature and the adaptive model getting from the research provided the basis about the indoor thermal environment design and evaluation of primary and secondary schools in Guanzhong regionof Shaanxi province.
出处
《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期277-281,共5页
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(51408462
51378411)
教育部博士点专项基金项目资助(20136120120003)
陕西省重点科技创新团队基金项目资助(2014KCT-01)
关键词
中小学教室
热环境
热舒适
现场调查
aPMV
primary schools
thermal environment
thermal comfort
field experiments
aPMV
