摘要
国际文物追索诉讼由起诉时文物所在地的法院管辖,并依据"物之所在地法"确定准据法是各国普遍遵循的做法。各国关于文物归属的实体法律冲突较为严重,美国法对原告最有利,而大陆法则较为不利。对于战争期间流失、且早已被外国博物馆或个人公开收藏并展示多年的中国文物,一般无法通过诉讼追索之;对于流失多年、但下落一直不明,近年来才得知其具体情况的文物,要视其转让所在地国的法律来判断诉讼的可行性;对于近年来流失的文物,一旦获知其具体下落,应积极采取措施,尽早提起国际民事诉讼予以追索。
In international disputes regarding title to objects of cultural property,the jurisdiction in which the object is located at the time suit is brought generally becomes the forum to the dispute,and the law of the situs is the prevalent choice-of-law rule.The conflict of substantive law of different countries in regulating title to objects of cultural property is rather serious.American law is most advantageous to plaintiff while civil law is the reverse.Basically,it is impracticable to recover the cultural property that was lost during the war and has been kept and exhibited by foreign museums and persons via replevin action.The feasibility of replevin action to recover the cultural property lost many years ago whose whereabouts was recently identified depends on the law where it was transferred.The replevin action should be lodged as soon as possible in order to recover the cultural property that was newly lost.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
CSSCI
2010年第S1期92-117,共26页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
作者主持的2009年教育部社会科学人文研究项目"追索海外流失文物的国际私法问题研究"(青年项目)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
文物
追索
实体法
管辖权
冲突规则
Cultural property
Recovery
Substantive law
Jurisdiction
Conflict law
