摘要
方以智对集大成具有强烈的愿望和明确的目的,并把它作为均的哲学的终极追求,他把“集大成”理解为“大畜”,认为“大畜”要求多识,不断增加和更新知识,圣人则两端用中,有兼容百家之意。方以智提出了集大成的方法,东西互济,反因对治,代明错行。同时,他指出集大成必须处理好“大全” 与“小全” 的关系。是否可以集大成,与所处时代有关,孔子适逢其时,故能成为集大成之圣人。在方以智看来,明末正是一个必须集大成的时代。方以智集大成思想对21世纪中西文化的会通具有一定的方法论意义。
Fang Yizhi had a strong desire and an expressed aim in his thought of epitome. He took it as the ultimate philosophical prusuit in the theory of equilibrium. He understood'epitome'as'Daxu'of the Eight Diagrams and thought that 'Daxu'asked for rich knowledge,which was incessantly enriched and renewed.Sages made the two extremes the rule and practiced what was in between,implying that all schools of thought were incorporated. Fang set forth the method to epitomize:mutual supplement of the Orient and the Occident, making opposite factors complementary to each other, and staggering the opposites. At the same time, he pointed out that to epitomize must appropriately handle the relations between'comprehensiveness in a broad sense'and'comprehensiveness in a narrow sense'. whether epitome was possible was relevant to the time it was tried in.Confucius happened to be living in the right time,so that he was able to become the epitomizing sage. To Fang Yizhi, the late Ming dynasty was just such a time to epitomize. Fang Yizhi' s thought of epitome is methodically significant to the convergence and communication of the Chinese and Western cultures.
出处
《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》
CSSCI
2002年第5期99-104,共6页
Journal of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
