摘要
癌症是一个医学问题,也是一个生物学问题,这是人们所公认的。人类对癌的研究已有近一个世纪的时间,但直到今天它的病因和发病机理尚未完全被揭露,早期诊断和治疗也都有待改进。这一方面说明癌的本质和它的发主发展的规律极为复杂,另一方面也说明人类对癌症的认识在相当程度上还受到生物科学本身的发展所制约。人类对癌症的认识过程基本上可以说是对癌细胞的认识过程。近代癌症研究可分属三大范畴;1.癌的流行病学和预防,2.癌的诊断和治疗,3.癌的基础研究。后者主要涉及正常细胞如何转变为癌细胞?癌细胞有哪些生物学特性?在癌的发生和发展过程中癌细胞如何演变?以及癌细胞和宿主整体的关系等基本问题。
A summarized account of the present day knowledge of cancer diseases and the history of cancer biology is presented. The latter can be roughly divided into threephasee:(1)researches at the organismic level,(2)researches at th. cellular level and (3)themost recent ones at the molecular and genetic level. Themain biological features of can-cer as discovered during these pheses are enumerated. Carcinogenesis is a multi-factorialand multi-step biological process, and initiation, promotion and progression representthe different stages of the natural history of cancer. Cancer cells are deranged in theirregulation of cell growth and differentiation, and are heterogeneous with respect tokaryotype,growth rate and invasive and metastatic behavior etc.,as a result of their invivo selection pressure and genetio instability. Since the discovery of oncogenes, proto-oncogenes and suppressor genes,cancer cell biology in recent decade is concentratedmainly on the analysis of genetic varistions of cancer cells and their bearing to theorigin and progression of cancer cells 39 well as their abnormal growth control. The.importance of basic cancer. biology studies on our understandingand control of cancerdiseases.is emphasized.
出处
《肿瘤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第2期72-73,71,共3页
Tumor
