摘要
为支持可再生能源产业的战略发展,我国形成了赠款、优惠贷款、税收优惠等一系列补贴制度。近两年,欧美相继就我国可再生能源产品进行反补贴调查,对相关补贴的合规性提出了质疑。一方面,欧美的裁决在双重救济、专项性认定、补贴主体认定等问题上不符合WTO规则;另一方面,其也确实指出了我国可再生能源补贴制度的弊病。如何完善补贴制度成为振兴可再生能源产业亟待解决的问题之一。笔者全面梳理了我国相关补贴制度,运用WTO补贴规则对该制度的合规性进行检验,发现其中大部分构成可诉性补贴,个别属于禁止性补贴,违反国民待遇原则。据此,笔者提出避免禁止性补贴、引入竞争程序、公平对待外国产品、减少政策性规范、关注地方立法等建议。
For the purpose of spurring the strategic development of renewable energy industry,China has established a subsidy system specific to renewable energy industry,including grants,policy loans,government revenue benefits,and other kinds of subsidy systerm.For last two years,Europe and America.have initiated countervailing investigations against renewable energy imports from China,and questioned the compliance of concerned renewable energy subsidies.On one hand,the determinations issued by EU and U.S.A.hardly comply with the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures in terms of double remedies,specific identification,and determination of authorities.On the other hand,these determinations do point out some problems with the subsidy of China.The issue of how to upgrade the subsidy system becomes one of the most challenging problems to help China renewable energy industry revive.This study systematically summarizes the renewable energy subsidy system of China,and analyses its compliance with WTO rules.It is found that most constitute actionable subsidies,and several constitute prohibited subsidies are also in violation of National Treatment principle.Based on these,the author proposes suggestions for improving the legislation of China renewable energy subsidies,such as avoiding of prohibited subsidies,introduction of competition procedure,fair treatment to goods of foreign origin,less use of policy rules and more attention to local legislation.
作者
马光
李倩
Ma Guang;Li Qian
出处
《朝阳法律评论》
2016年第2期138-154,共17页
Chaoyang Law Review
关键词
可再生能源补贴
国际贸易争端
光伏
补贴
Renewable Subsidy
International Trade Disputes
Photovoltaic
Subsidy
