摘要
为了研究漯河市PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)及其水溶性离子变化特征,于2017年5月—2018年2月在漯河市3个采样点同步采集PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)样品,分别获得PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)有效样品191和190个.用离子色谱法分析样品中F^-、Cl^-、NO_3^-、SO_4^(2-)、Na^+、NH_4^+、K^+、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)等9种水溶性无机离子.结果表明:在采样期间,漯河市ρ(PM_(2.5))平均值为72.42μg/m^3,其中ρ(总无机水溶性离子)的年均值为34.76μg/m^3,占ρ(PM_(2.5))的46.72%;ρ(PM_(10))平均值为126.52μg/m^3,其中ρ(总无机水溶性离子)的年均值为46.40μg/m^3,占ρ(PM_(10))的35.67%.2种颗粒物水溶性离子质量浓度的季节性变化均呈冬季高、夏季低的趋势.PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)[ρ(PM_(2.5))/ρ(PM_(10))]在四季分别为0.50、0.61、0.56、0.57.采样期间漯河市PM_(2.5)中NOR(氮氧化率)和SOR(硫氧化率)的年均值分别为0.17和0.30,PM_(10)中NOR和SOR的年均值分别为0.22和0.34,说明颗粒物中SO_4^(2-)的二次转化效率高于NO_3^-.PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)在采样期间均呈弱碱性,且碱性在夏季最强,秋季最弱.利用PMF模型分析PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中水溶性离子的主要来源发现,PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子来源主要包括生物质燃烧源、燃煤源、建筑扬尘源、工业源和二次污染源,PM_(10)中水溶性离子来源主要包括燃煤源、建筑扬尘源、二次污染源、生物质燃烧源和工业源.研究显示,漯河市颗粒物污染中水溶性离子来源复杂,应采取多源控制的污染防治措施.
To investigate characteristics of water-soluble ions （WSIs） associated with PM 2.5 and PM 10 in Luohe City, 191 PM 2.5 samples and 190 PM 10 samples were collected simultaneously at three sampling sites in Luohe City from May 2017 to February 2018. Nine inorganic WSIs were analyzed by ion chromatography, including F ^-, Cl ^-, NO 3^-, SO 4^2- , Na^＋, NH 4^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋ and Ca^2＋ . The results showed that during the sampling period, the average concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 72.42 and 126.52 μg m 3, respectively. The average concentration of total WSIs bounded to PM 2.5 was 34.76 μg m 3, accounting for 46.72% of PM 2.5 , while the average concentration of total WSIs bounded to PM 10 was 46.40 μg /m ^3, accounting for 35.67% of PM 10 . The WSIs concentrations of both PM 2.5 and PM 10 were the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. The ratios of PM 2.5 /PM 10 in four seasons were 0.50, 0.61, 0.56 and 0.57, respectively. The means of nitrogen oxidation rate （NOR） and sulfur oxidation rate （SOR） were 0.17 and 0.30 for PM 2.5 , and 0.22 and 0.34 for PM 10 , indicating that the SO 4 ^2- particle conversion rate was higher than NO3^-. PM 2.5 and PM 10 were weakly alkaline during the sampling period, and the alkalinity was the highest in summer, and the lowest in autumn. PMF model was used to analyze the main sources of water-soluble ions in PM 2.5 and PM 10 . The results of the model analyses show that the sources of WSIs in PM 2.5 were mainly biomass and coal burning emissions, building dusts, industrial and secondary pollutions; sources of WSIs in PM 10 mainly were coal burning emissions, building dust, secondary pollution, biomass burning and industrial sources. In conclusion, the source of WSIs in particulate matter is complex in Luohe City. Different countermeasures should be taken according to the pollution characteristies.
作者
王娜
殷宝辉
王静
刘盈盈
李伟
耿春梅
白志鹏
WANG Na;YIN Baohui;WANG Jing;LIU Yingying;LI Wei;GENG Chunmei;BAI Zhipeng(College of Environment ＆ Resource Sciences of Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030000,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2073-2082,共10页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.41275135)~~
