摘要
空腔结构在先进飞行器和动力装置中应用十分广泛,如飞机内埋武器舱、起落架舱、导弹光学头罩、超燃冲压发动机燃烧室、推力矢量发动机喷口等。这些空腔结构在实际应用中普遍面临严峻的气动噪声问题。研究表明,空腔噪声的产生与腔内非定常流动和复杂波系结构关系密切。对超声速空腔流致噪声已开展的研究进行综述,从而为系统地认识波系结构的演化规律、噪声产生机理和噪声控制机理提供参考。首先,介绍了闭式、过渡式和开式3种不同类型超声速空腔流动的主要特点,针对气动噪声最为严重的开式空腔流动,分析了7种典型波系结构形成、传播和相互作用等规律。然后,从空腔压力振荡反馈回路的4个关键环节出发,分析了当前广泛应用的3种压力反馈模型的异同。最后,总结梳理了超声速空腔噪声控制的5条路径,指出在第5条控制路径"干扰反馈激波的传播"研究方面存在的不足。并指出了当前研究存在的部分问题,就未来研究方向提出了建议。
Cavity structure is widely used in the advanced aircraft and engine,such as internal weapon bay,wheel well,optical dome,scramjet combustor,and thrust-vectoring nozzle.However,these cavities generally face severe aerodynamic noise in practical applications.Research shows the generation of cavity noise is closely related to the unsteady flow and complex wave structure.For the systematic understandings of the wave evolution,the mechanism of noise generation and the mechanism of noise control,the research on the noise induced by supersonic cavity flow is reviewed.In this paper,the main characteristics of closed,transitional and open supersonic cavity flows are introduced.To address the open cavity flow that generates the most serious aerodynamic noise,the formation,propagation and interaction of the seven typical flow structures are analyzed.In addition,three types of generation mechanisms of cavity noise are introduced,and their similarities and differences on each element of feedback model are analyzed.Furthermore,five possible ways to control supersonic cavity noise are summarized,pointing out that little attention has been paid to the fifth way which intends to control noise by breaking the propagation of feedback waves.Finally,unresolved issues in the current research are pointed out,and suggestions for further research are proposed.
作者
刘俊
蔡晋生
杨党国
施傲
路波
LIU Jun;CAI Jinsheng;YANG Dangguo;SHI Ao;LU Bo(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi＇an 710072,China;High Speed Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 62 1000,China)
出处
《航空学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期13-31,共19页
Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica
基金
国家"973"计划(613240)
空气动力学国家重点实验室研究基金(SKLA20170304)~~
关键词
超声速
空腔流动
流致噪声
波系结构
压力振荡
噪声控制
supersonic
cavity flow
flow induced noise
wave structures
pressure oscillation
noise control
