摘要
经历阪神大地震的冲击之后,日本企业开始在加强自身灾害管理的基础上参与国家灾害管理。基于灾害管理全过程的分析框架,通过对从阪神地震到3·11地震日本企业参与灾害管理的考察发现,日本企业在防灾参与能力、备灾参与能力、应急参与能力和参与重建能力上都有了较大幅度提高,由阪神地震时停留在灾后捐款捐物的低水平向基于灾害管理全过程专业化方向发展。尽管如此,无论从企业自身还是国家相关政策上看,其参与灾害管理能力建设都还存在明显不足。今后努力的方向是,日本政府需要在公共政策体系中完善灾害管理体系中的企业参与制度设计,建立政府、企业与社会三位一体的灾害治理体制机制;日本企业则应以＂3·11＂地震为契机,进一步强化基于战略优势的参与灾害管理能力建设,使参与灾害管理常态化、专业化、战略化。
After the great impact of Han Shin earthquake,Japan＇s private sectors（PS）began to participate in the disaster management,which is based on the enforcement of their own disaster management.Based on the analysis framework of the whole process of disaster management and the investigation on private sector involvement in disaster management from Han Shin earthquake to 3·11 earthquake in Japan,the PS＇s participation capability has been a significant increase in mitigation,preparedness,response and recovery.During Han Shin Earthquake,Japan＇s PS just made donation,but they specialized in developing the whole process of disaster management.However,the disaster involvement still has obvious defects no matter from themselves or from the relevant national policy.From now on,the governmenthas to make great efforts in the formulation of disaster management system of PS,which is contained in the public policy system,building the disaster management mechanism of trinity of government,private sector and civil society.Japan＇s PS should make full use of 3·11earthquake,and do more to strengthen the construction of disaster management based on the strategic advantages,letting the disaster management involvement normalization,specialization and strategizing.
作者
杨安华
田一
Yang Anhua;Tian Yi
出处
《风险灾害危机研究》
CSSCI
2017年第1期88-123,共36页
Journal of Risk, Disaster & Crisis Research
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目“突发性动物疫情公共危机演化机理及应急公共政策研究”(项目编号:11&ZD171)
中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目“武陵山片区公共安全协同治理研究”(项目编号:2014T70507)
江苏省“青蓝工程”资助
关键词
日本
企业
灾害管理
阪神大地震
3·11大地震
战略优势
Japan
Private Sector
Disaster Management
Han Shin Earthquake
March 11th Japanese Earthquake
Strategic Advantage
