摘要
紫色土入渗性能及其影响因素研究已较为普遍,但关于紫色土基质与优先流入渗定量计算研究还鲜有报道。笔者在已有研究的基础上,应用表置环式入渗仪装置,定量测定重庆市北碚区紫色土耕层土壤基质和优先流入渗率。结果表明:研究区紫色土耕层土壤优先流的累积入渗量是土壤基质入渗量的0. 6～1. 5倍;初始入渗阶段,基质入渗率与优先流入渗率的比值为0. 3～0. 5;入渗过程中,基质入渗率与优先流入渗率比值逐渐增大;达到稳渗阶段后,优先流入渗率明显减小,基质入渗与优先流入渗率比值为1. 5～16. 5。土壤基质和优先流入渗在紫色土坡耕地土壤水文过程中具有同等重要的作用。耕层紫色土均可用Philip入渗模型和Kostiakov入渗模型模拟,且拟合效果较好。本研究结果可为揭示紫色土入渗过程机理提供科学依据。
[Background] The soil erosion of purple soil sloping cultivated land in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is serious,and the annual soil erosion amount is as high as 9 854 t. The infiltration properties of purple soil and its influencing factors have been widely studied,but there are few reports on the quantitative calculation of the matrix and preferential inflow of purple soil. In view of this,the purple soil in sloping cultivated land was chosen as the research object,and the characteristics of soil matrix and preferential inflow in purple soil plough layer were quantitatively discussed,which provided a scientific basis for the mechanism of infiltration process in purple soil plough layer. [Methods]Taking the purple soil slope farmland in Beibei,Chongqing as the research object,the soil matrix and the total infiltration rate of the purple soil plough layer were quantitatively measured by using the surface ring infiltration meters,and then the preferential infiltration rate was calculated. The variation of soil matrix infiltration rate to preferential infiltration rate of this area with time was analyzed. Philip infiltration model and Kostiakov infiltration model were used to fit the matrix infiltration process measured at different test sites.[Results]1） The initial infiltration rate of soil matrix infiltration is 8. 38 to 32. 66 mm/min,the stable infiltration rate is 3. 15 to 4. 2 mm/min,the average infiltration rate is 3. 62 to 6. 26 mm/min. The initial infiltration rate of preferential flow is 37. 01 to 42. 34 mm/min,the stable infiltration rate is 0. 04 to 1. 59 mm/min,the average infiltration rate is 2. 31 to 9. 67 mm/min. 2） The cumulative infiltration of soilpreferential flow in the purple soil layer of the study area is 0. 6-1. 5 times that of the soil matrix infiltration. The ratio of matrix infiltration rate to preferential infiltration rate is 0. 3-0. 5 in the initial infiltration stage; the ratio of matrix infiltration rate to preferential infiltration rate is gradually increasing during the proc
作者
黄永超
陈晓燕
韩珍
邢行
李彦海
HUANG Yongchao;CHEN Xiaoyan;HAN Zhen;XING Hang;LI Yanhai(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region in the Ministry of Education,400715,Chongqing,China)
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期30-39,共10页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金"紫色土坡耕地地表与近地表水流交互作用侵蚀机理研究"(41571265)
关键词
耕层紫色土
基质入渗
优先流
表置环式入渗仪
重庆
tillage layer purple soils
matrix infiltration
preferential flow
surface ring infiltration meters
Chongqing
