摘要
在岩溶区进行水利水电建设,坝基岩溶的发育情况,对选定坝址常有决定性意义。因此,坝区水文工程地质勘察中极其重视河谷深部岩溶,通常也即称河谷深岩溶的勘查研究。本文结合近年工作实践,论述其发育分布规律。
Valley deep-Karst, a main type of the deep-karst, refers to the deep karst form developed in the depth influenced by the present river drainage. It is mainly characterized by the karst cavern openings which have a certain size and are found in or under the zone of horizontal seepage flow or siphon circulation, and which are also commonly called karst cavern zone and karst fissure zone or karst-cavern-fissure zone. The limited depth of the zone may range from about ten meters to one hundred meters under the bottom of the valley in the karst plateau with a deep-valley, and two hundred meters or so in the region of karst basins or hills with a wide valley. As faults or occurrence of impervious beds are favaurable to the downward movement of ground-water, the thickness of the zone can be obviously increased and it can reach a hundred and fifty meters or even two hundred meters under deep karst valley. If the buried deep paleokarst (deep paleokarst in beds) was followed by the present valley deep-karst, the cavern or karst fissure would also be found in the depth of seven or eight hundred meters under the bottom of the valley near the axial area of a fold. The valley deep-karst is unuaiform in horizontal and vertical direction.lt is similar to the distribution of shallow karst development above the river level in a vertical direction and shows phenomenon of the distribution of laminar development. That is, the valley deep-karst is developed by increasing corrosion in the relatively small conduit-like or wide-fissure siphon flow near the certain depth under the valley, for the framework of structural plains are favourable to water-dynamic condition. For dam engineerings, the key is to investigate the changed flow of thickness of the most developed karst conduit zone and the development and distribution law of large cavities or karst fissures which may connect the up and down-stream flow below the ground-surface.
出处
《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》
EI
CAS
1984年第1期63-73,共11页
Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition
