摘要
长江经济带建设作为我国三大发展战略之一,在快速推进城市化的同时,对耕地资源的影响是不容忽视的。土地快速城镇化对耕地的大量侵占是我国城市化面临的突出问题,而近些年长江流域及长江经济带的快速发展对耕地资源的影响尚缺乏全面系统的分析。基于中分遥感数据,将覆盖长江经济带与长江流域范围的156个地级市作为研究目标,从自然区位(上、中、下游)与城市规模(人口规模)相结合的角度分析了2000—2015年城镇化对耕地的影响,结果表明:(1) 2000—2015年,长江流域及长江经济带人工表面增加56.80%,耕地减少17.09%。其中,下游人工表面增加幅度最为明显,耕地减少也是最多的;(2)随着时间推移,长江流域及长江经济带城镇化对耕地的压力逐渐减弱,十五年间人工表面增长率从2733.75 km^2/a提高至2985.87 km^2/a,而耕地减少的速度从4439.94 km^2/a降低到3940.91 km^2/a,并且有大量旱田向水田转变;(3)位于不同流域且规模不同的城市,其人工表面的增加幅度以及对耕地的影响存在明显差异。例如,长江下游的中等城市人工表面15年间增加最多(增幅385.88%),同时耕地也损失最多;中游的大城市的人工表面增速最快,而上游则是巨大型城市,这种现象说明长江流域存在发展不协调的问题。长江流域及经济带未来城市优化布局不仅要充分考虑耕地保护问题,还要均衡不同规模城市的扩张速度,以及进一步提高开发用地的利用效率。
As one of the three major development strategies of our country, the impact of rapid urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt on farmland resources cannot be ignored. The main problem facing China＇s urbanization is the massive encroachment on farmland by the rapid urbanization of land. However, in recent years, the rapid development of the Yangtze River Basin and the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its impact on farmland resources is still lacking a comprehensive and systematic analysis. This study is based on remote sensing data of middle resolution, to cover the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Yangtze River Basin within the scope of 156 prefecture-level cities as the research objectives. The impact of urbanization on farmland from 2000 to 2015 was analyzed from the perspective of combining natural locations （ upper, middle, and lower reaches） and urban size （ population size）, and the results show that ： （ 1 ） From 2000 to 2015, the artificial surface in the Yangtze River Basin and the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased by 56.80% in total and the farmland decreased by 17.09%. Among these areas, the artificial surface of the lower reaches shows the most significant increase, and the reduction of arable land is the most obvious; （2） As time passes, the pressure of urbanization on farmland in the Yangtze River Basin and the Yangtze River Economic Belt is gradually decreasing, and the artificial surface growth rate increased from 2733.75 km2/a to 2985.87 km2/a over the past 15 years, while the rate of decrease in farmland decreased from 4439.94 km2/a to 3940.91 km2/a, with a large number of dry fields changed to paddy fields; （3） For cities of different sizes located in different basins, there is a significant difference in the impact of the increase of artificial surface on farmland. For example, the artificial surface of the medium-sized cities in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River increased most （increase range 385.88%） in 15 years, and the farmland also lost the mos
作者
何亮
李伟峰
田淑芳
郑华
HE Liang;LI Weifeng;TIAN Shufang;ZHENG Hua(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Chinese People＇s Armed Police Corps Golden Eighth Detachment,Urumqi 830026,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第21期7782-7789,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院STS计划(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-0)
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505701-02)
关键词
长江流域
长江经济带
城镇化
耕地资源
Yangtze River Basin
Yangtze River Economic Belt
urbanization
farmland resources
