摘要
水利工程中的鱼道设施为自然生态下鱼类洄游提供了一条人工通道,不同的鱼道入口流速下,鱼类的游泳行为存在较大差异。针对我国各流域中常见的鲤科幼鱼,以趋光性为特征选择了草鱼和鲤鱼为模型鱼,为寻找其诱导水流流速,定义了鱼类不同游泳行为下的四种特征流速(响应流速、临界流速、持续流速与突进流速)作为试验观察指标。通过应用自行研发的仿生态鱼类游泳行为的测试装置,测试了鲤科幼鱼体长与特征流速的相关性,通过试验数据拟合,得到了特征流速与鱼体长度之间的计算公式,可为仿生态鱼道进流区设计提供参考。
The fishway in hydraulic facility provides artificial passages for the fish migration in the natural ecosystem. However,different swimming behavior of fish will be exhibited with respect to different characteristics water-flow velocity of various fishway inlets. In this paper,grass carp and cyprinoid are selected as the model fish based on the light sensitivity of most common juvenile cyprinid in Chinese rivers. In order to identify the favored water-flow velocity of model fish,the four characteristic velocities of fish activity（ respondent speed,critical speed,persistent speed and onrushing speed） are defined as the experimental observation indices. The correlation between the carp body length and the characteristic water-flow velocity of the juvenile cyprinid is tested by using the self-developed bionic device to imitate the water-flow through fishway. The formula between the characteristic water-flow velocity and the crap body length is fitted by the test data. The findings in this research serve as a foundation for the design of fishway inflow areas.
作者
欧昌雪
张羽
王二平
张石磊
刘英博
王银海
OU Chang-xue;ZHANG Yu;WANG Er-ping;ZHANG Shi-lei;LIU Ying-bo;WANG Yin-hai(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2018年第10期69-72,76,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家自然基金项目(51579103)
关键词
鱼道
模型鱼
鱼类游泳行为
鱼类生物力学特性测试
fishway
model fish
swimming behavior of fish
test on the biomechanical properties of fish
