摘要
为探究‘Y-1’矮砧‘富士’最佳栽植密度模式,以4年生‘Y-1’矮砧嫁接‘富士’为试材,通过3种栽植密度(0.8 m×4 m、1 m×4 m、1.2 m×4 m)处理,探讨其对树体生长和结果的影响。结果表明:栽植密度0.8 m×4 m与1.2 m×4 m的树体高度、干径存在显著差异(P<0.05),3种栽植密度下树体冠径、新梢生长量、枝类构成差异不明显;栽植密度1 m×4 m的日平均光合速率高于其余2种栽植密度;冠下和株间的光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射随栽植密度的减少而增大,叶面积指数随栽植密度的减少而减小,栽植密度1.2 m×4 m的光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射最大,叶面积指数最小;栽植密度1 m×4 m的单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性总糖含量、硬度、糖酸比显著高于其他2种栽植密度,果实品质最佳。综合考虑树体生长势、光能利用率、果实品质等因素,1 m×4 m为‘Y-1’矮砧‘富士’的适宜栽植密度。
To provide the best planting density mode for ＇ Fuji＇ grafted on ＇ Y- 1＇ dwarfing interstock, in this study, 4-year-old ＇Fuji＇ apple trees were taken as materials, three planting density modes were set as 0.8 m× 4 m, 1 m×4 m, and 1.2 m×4 m to analyze their effect on nutritional growth and fruit quality. The results showed that there were significant differences of tree height and trunk diameter between 0.8 m×4 m mode and 1.2 m×4 m mode （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference of tree crown, shoot growth and branch composition among the three planting density modes. The average daily photosynthetic rate of I m×4 m was higher than that of the other two planting density modes, the direct and indirect photosynthesis radiation increased with the decrease of planting density, but the leaf area index decreased, the photosynthesis radiation of 1.2 m×4 m mode was the highest, while its leaf area index value was the lowest. The single fruit weight, fruit shape index, soluble solids content, soluble total sugar content, hardness and sugar-acid ratio of 1 m × 4 m mode were significantly higher than those of the other two planting density modes, and the fruit quality was the best. Considering the growth potential of trees, light energy utilization, fruit quality and so on, 1 m×4 m planting density mode was the optimal for ＇ Fuji＇ grafted on ＇Y-I＇ dwarfing interstock.
作者
蔡华成
杨廷桢
王骞
高敬东
李春燕
杜学梅
弓桂花
Cai Huacheng;Yang Tingzhen;Wang Qian;Gao Jingdong;Li Chunyan;Du Xuemei;Gong Guihua(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomplogy,Taiyuan 030031)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第22期45-51,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山西省农业科学院重点攻关项目"Y-1矮砧富士标准化栽培关键技术研究"(YGG1640)
山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目"苹果砧木种质资源筛选与创制"(YGG17035)
农业部专项"国家苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站建设"(CARS-28)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"苹果野生资源的收集
评价与优异种质筛选"(201303093-SX)
