摘要
利用盆栽试验研究了不同施肥处理下(CK、N、NP、NPK) 3种向日葵品种(食用葵、观赏葵、油葵)对北方污染农田土壤镉(Cd)吸收和转运的影响.结果表明,施肥可显著提高观赏葵、油葵生物量及地上部Cd富集量,施NPK肥处理对植物促进效果最为显著.施NPK肥食用葵、观赏葵、油葵地上部Cd富集量分别可达6. 89、8. 92、6. 97 mg·kg^(-1),施肥处理显著提高了向日葵对Cd的富集能力,食用葵、观赏葵、油葵的富集系数(BCF)分别为2. 63(对照)～3. 10(NPK)、2. 80(对照)～4. 02(NPK)、2. 11(对照)～3. 14(NPK).对向日葵叶片亚细胞结构中Cd分布研究发现,将吸收的Cd富集在金属富集颗粒和细胞碎屑中是向日葵耐受Cd胁迫的主要解毒机制.综上所述,向日葵可作为Cd污染土壤的植物修复材料,合理施用NPK肥可明显提高植物对土壤Cd的修复效率.
A pot experiment was conducted to assess the phytoextraction potential for cadmium（ Cd） of three types of sunflowers（ edible,ornamental,and oil sunflowers） and the effects of the application of N,NP,and NPK fertilizers on Cd uptake of the three plants using Cd-contaminated soils collected from northern China. The results showed that fertilization could significantly increase the biomass,aboveground Cd concentrations and accumulation of ornamental and oil sunflowers,and the effect of NPK fertilizer was significantly better than those of other treatments. Cd concentrations of the aboveground parts of edible,ornamental,and oil sunflowers were 6. 89,8. 92,6. 97 mg·kg^-1,respectively. Fertilization treatment significantly improved the transport ability of Cd of the three types of sunflowers,and bioconcentration factors of edible,ornamental,and oil sunflowers were 2. 63（ control） to 3. 10（ NPK fertilizer）,2. 80（ control） to 4. 02（ NPK fertilizer）,and 2. 11（ control） to 3. 14（ NPK fertilizer）,respectively. The results further showed that the metal-enriched granules and cellular debris were the main enrichment sources in the subcellular fraction of the three types of sunflowers（ more than 55%）. In summary,sunflowers can be considered as plant material for remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. In addition,NPK fertilizers can effectively improve the efficiency of sunflowers.
作者
曹柳
杨俊兴
郭劲君
郭俊娒
郑国砥
卢一富
CAO Liu1, YANG Jun-xing2, GUO Jln-jun3, GUO Jun-mei2, ZHENG Guo-di2, LU Yi-fu1,(1. Key Laboratory for Monitor and Remediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soils of Henan Province, Jiyuan 459000, China; 2. Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 3. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期5189-5197,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
河南省土壤重金属污染监测与修复重点实验室开放基金项目(2017206)
国家自然科学基金项目(41771509
41771510
41201312
41271478)
关键词
镉
肥料
向日葵
吸收
农田
cadmium
fertilizers
sunflowers
uptake
farmland
