摘要
震级-频度分布关系(FMD,Frequency-Magnitude Distribution) lgN=a-b×M是地震学研究中最重要的经验公式之一.相关系数b是地震构造学和地震危险性评估的重要因子,经过许多统计资料验证,具有表征前震和余震的特性,同时其随时间和空间的分布差异已经被广泛地应用于区域乃至全球的地震活动性研究.基于前人的研究过程和结论,本文简要的介绍了b值的数学定义,总结了b值随空间和时间变化的原因,肯定了b值不仅仅是一个单纯的统计学参数,它同时具有直接的物理学意义;例举了计算b值的常用方法并讨论不同方法的区别以及适用范围;较为详细地描述了b值误差的来源,提出一些新的问题和认识,指出对b值的研究任重道远.由于完备性震级(the complete magnitude,M_c)在b值计算以及台网监测能力评估中具有重要意义,因此本文还着重例举了M_c计算方法.
The magnitude-frequency distribution（FMD）lgN=ab×M is one of the most important empirical laws in seismicity.The parameter b is the factor of seismotectonics and seismic hazards assessment.Statistical properties of the b values can characterize foreshocks and aftershocks.The temporal and spatial variations of b has been widely used in research on seismicity locally and worldly.Based on the numerous previous research and conclusions,this review article briefly introduced the origins of b,summarized the reasons leading to its temporal and spatial variations,affirmed that the b values are not only a statistical parameters but also have direct physical meanings.We described the common methods to estimate the b values and statistical tests,then compared the differences.We also made a detailed description of errors from the estimated b values.Finally we raised some new questions and ideas concluding that the research on the b values still has a long way to go.As the complete magnitude（Mc）is important for calculating the b values and assessing the monitoring capability of the seismic network,this review article also focused on the Mc calculation method in detail.
作者
郑确
刘财
田有
柳云龙
ZHENG Que;LIU Cai;TIAN You;LIU Yun-long(College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology,Jilin University,Changchun 130026,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期1879-1889,共11页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41430322
41474030)
国家重点基础研究发计划(973)项目(2016YFC0600301)联合资助
