摘要
近10年来,海洋微塑料污染引起了国际社会的广泛关注。微塑料对海洋生物的影响与危害等研究直接推动了"禁止向化妆品中添加塑料微珠"等法规的出台。然而,要促使对全球海洋微塑料污染管控采取进一步的实质性行动,还需要更充分的科学证据来表明微塑料具有生态和健康危害。文章强调了开展海洋微塑料的生态与健康效应研究的迫切性,阐述了未来研究方向和所面临的挑战,提出了海洋微塑料污染的应对举措,并呼吁应采取"预警性原则"的政策,提升海洋微塑料污染风险管控能力。
In the last decade, microplastic pollution in marine environments has aroused great concern of international society. The adverse biological impacts of microplastics on marine biota directly promote the issue of laws to ban the sale or distribution of cosmetics containing synthetic plastic microbeads. However, it is still necessary to find more scientific evidences for the testification of potential harms ofmicroplastics to the ecological and human health in order to take the further action to manage and control the global microplastic pollution. This paper emphasizes that it is urgent to study the ecological and health hazards of marine microplastics. The prospects and challenges in this field are also discussed. Furthermore, the measures to solve microplastic pollution in marine environments are proposed and a precautionary principle in administration is recommended with an aim to elevate management capacity for controlling microplastic pollution in marine environments in the future.
作者
徐向荣
孙承君
季荣
王菊英
吴辰熙
施华宏
骆永明
XU Xiangrong;SUN Chengjun;JI Rong;WANG Juying;WU Chenxi;SHI Huahong;LUO Yongming(CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances and Analytical Technology,the First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China;State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Marine Debris and Microplastics Research Center,National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotecbnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期1003-1011,共9页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(41876129)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502805)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2017Y03)
关键词
微塑料污染
海洋环境
生态和健康危害
风险管控
microplastic pollution
marine environment
ecological and health hazard
risk management